A simple method to detect audible echoes in room acoustical design

A simple method to detect audible echoes is proposed as an objective criterion for room acoustics. This method evaluates the perceptibility of sound reflections that are generated by an impulsive sound source and identifies from reflectograms harmful reflections perceived as echoes. Particularly with this method, the masking effect of reverberation is taken into consideration, which cannot be treated sufficiently by the existing objective criteria. The applicability to room acoustical design is verified by evaluating the impulse responses measured in real halls where audible echoes occurred. It is shown that the proposed method detects audible echoes at an accuracy of more than 90% and would be suitable for practical use.

[1]  T. Sone,et al.  Comparison of loudness of impact sounds with and without steady duration : A study on the loudness of impact sound. II , 1982 .

[2]  Eberhard Zwicker,et al.  Temporal Effects in Simultaneous Masking by White‐Noise Bursts , 1965 .

[3]  Floyd E. Toole,et al.  The Detection of Reflections in Typical Rooms , 1989 .

[4]  W Reichardt,et al.  Choice of sound duration and silent intervals for test and comparison signals in the subjective measurement of loudness level. , 1970, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[5]  Sean Olive,et al.  The Modification of Timbre by Resonances: Perception and Measurement , 1988 .

[6]  Heinrich Kuttruff,et al.  Room acoustics , 1973 .

[7]  L. Elliot Backward and Forward Masking of Probe Tones of Different Frequencies , 1962 .

[8]  L. Beranek Concert Halls And Opera Houses , 2003 .

[9]  Helmut Haas,et al.  The Influence of a Single Echo on the Audibility of Speech , 1972 .

[10]  T Poulsen,et al.  Loudness of tone pulses in a free field. , 1981, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[11]  R. Plomp Hearing Threshold for Periodic Tone Pulses , 1961 .

[12]  J. Zwislocki Theory of Temporal Auditory Summation , 1960 .

[13]  A power law transformation resulting in a class of short-term integrators that produce time-intensity trades for noise bursts. , 1978 .

[14]  R. H. Bolt,et al.  A Tentative Criterion for the Short‐Term Transient Response of Auditoriums , 1950 .

[15]  M. Morimoto,et al.  Localization cues of sound sources in the upper hemisphere. , 1984 .

[16]  F. Alton Everest,et al.  Master handbook of acoustics , 1981 .