Modélisation des processus cognitifs impliqués par la navigation dans les hypermédias

La navigation dans les hypermedias recouvre un ensemble d'activites mentales (comprehension, recherche d'informations, resolution de problemes, apprentissages) pouvant etre engagees dans une famille tres heterogene de supports informatiques. La base commune de ces differentes activites de navigation est l'alternance de la recherche d'informations dans le support et de l'integration de connaissances (traitement et, eventuellement, memorisation). Un des problemes rencontres par les utilisateurs de ce type du support est la desorientation : les sujets ne savent plus ou ils sont dans le systeme, ont oublie leur but, ne parviennent pas a se faire une representation du contenu du document. Une des dimensions de ce probleme de desorientation a ete analysee comme provenant d'une surcharge cognitive. Nous montrons dans cette etude comment la charge cognitive est impliquee dans l'activite de navigation selon les types d'objectifs generaux du sujet (comprehension, recherche d'informations,. . . ). Nous proposons un cadre qui pourrait permettre d'etudier plus finement cette question, cadre qui fait actuellement defaut a notre domaine de recherche. Notre proposition a pour but plus general d'aider a decrire des taches de navigation dans les hypermedias, afin que nous puissions definir pour quelles taches ces outils sont veritablement adequats.

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