Numerical simulation of gas–liquid–solid three-phase flow using particle methods

We want to simulate, based on particle methods, the dynamic behavior of multi-phase flows in a gas–solid–liquid mixture system. With the governing equations discretized within the finite volume particle method, the effects of contact and collision between solid particles were modeled by the distinct element method. Applicability of the viscosity model and an empirical drag force model were confirmed for the hydrodynamic interactions between solid particles and fluid. Simulations were performed of a single bubble rising in a tank of stagnant solid particle–liquid. The results for the dynamic behavior indicate that the present computational framework of particle-based simulation method may be useful for numerical simulations of multi-phase flow behavior in a solid particle–fluid mixture system.