Particle-Swarm-Optimization-Based Multiuser Detector for CDMA Communications

In a code-division multiple-access system, multiuser detection (MUD) can exploit the information of signals from other interfering users to increase system capacity. However, the optimum MUD can be characterized as an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem such that the computational complexity increases exponentially with the number of users. In this paper, we apply a new evolutionary algorithm, called particle swarm optimization (PSO), to develop a suboptimal MUD strategy. The decorrelating detector (DD) or linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) detector is used as the first stage to initialize the PSO-based MUD. Then, the PSO algorithm is applied to detect the received data bit by optimizing an objective function incorporating the linear system of the DD or LMMSE detector. Simulation results show that the performance of our proposed decorrelating PSO and LMMSE-PSO MUD are promising and outperform the decorrelating and LMMSE MUD with a slight increase in computation.

[1]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  Parameter Selection in Particle Swarm Optimization , 1998, Evolutionary Programming.

[2]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  Comparison between Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization , 1998, Evolutionary Programming.

[3]  David B. Fogel,et al.  Evolutionary Computation: Towards a New Philosophy of Machine Intelligence , 1995 .

[4]  Rahim Tafazolli,et al.  Genetic multiuser receiver for code division multiple access communications , 2000 .

[5]  Peter J. Angeline,et al.  Evolutionary Optimization Versus Particle Swarm Optimization: Philosophy and Performance Differences , 1998, Evolutionary Programming.

[6]  Behnaam Aazhang,et al.  Multistage detection in asynchronous code-division multiple-access communications , 1990, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[7]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  A new optimizer using particle swarm theory , 1995, MHS'95. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Micro Machine and Human Science.

[8]  James Kennedy,et al.  Particle swarm optimization , 1995, Proceedings of ICNN'95 - International Conference on Neural Networks.

[9]  Sergio Verdú,et al.  Minimum probability of error for asynchronous Gaussian multiple-access channels , 1986, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[10]  Jorma Lilleberg,et al.  Genetic algorithms for multiuser detection in synchronous CDMA , 1997, Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[11]  James Kennedy,et al.  The particle swarm: social adaptation of knowledge , 1997, Proceedings of 1997 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation (ICEC '97).

[12]  Kadri Hacioglu,et al.  Multiuser detection using a genetic algorithm in CDMA communications systems , 2000, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[13]  Yue Shi,et al.  A modified particle swarm optimizer , 1998, 1998 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (Cat. No.98TH8360).

[14]  S. Moshavi,et al.  Multi-user detection for DS-CDMA communications , 1996, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[15]  Yuhui Shi,et al.  Particle swarm optimization: developments, applications and resources , 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.01TH8546).

[16]  C. Ergun,et al.  Application of a genetic algorithm to multi-stage detection in CDMA systems , 1998, MELECON '98. 9th Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36056).

[17]  Lajos Hanzo,et al.  Hybrid genetic algorithm based detection schemes for synchronous CDMA systems , 2000, VTC2000-Spring. 2000 IEEE 51st Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.00CH37026).

[18]  R. Tafazolli,et al.  GMD: a new CDMA multiuser detection technique using an evolutionary algorithm , 2001 .

[19]  Sergio Verdú,et al.  Near-far resistance of multiuser detectors in asynchronous channels , 1990, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[20]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  Recent advances in particle swarm , 2004, Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8753).

[21]  Craig K. Rushforth,et al.  A Family of Suboptimum Detectors for Coherent Multiuser Communications , 1990, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[22]  Russell C. Eberhart,et al.  A discrete binary version of the particle swarm algorithm , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. Computational Cybernetics and Simulation.

[23]  Ying Zhao,et al.  Particle swarm optimization algorithm in signal detection and blind extraction , 2004, 7th International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Networks, 2004. Proceedings..

[24]  Rahim Tafazolli,et al.  Genetically modified multiuser detection for code division multiple access systems , 2002, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[25]  Thomas Bäck,et al.  Evolutionary computation: Toward a new philosophy of machine intelligence , 1997, Complex..