Technical Barriers for Harnessing the Green Hydrogen: A Power System Perspective

Abstract Extracting green hydrogen from renewable energy sources is a new concept in the energy industry. As an energy carrier, hydrogen is well capable of facilitating a strong coupling between various energy sectors, as well as integration of renewable energy sources. This paper investigates the system-wide technical factors that might limit the amount of producible hydrogen in a given power system. A non-linear programming formulation is proposed to quantify the impact of voltage security constraints, the location and size of power to hydrogen facilities, and finally the wind penetration levels on the harvest-able green hydrogen. The applicability of the proposed framework is demonstrated on the IEEE 39 bus system.

[1]  Christian Breyer,et al.  Baseload electricity and hydrogen supply based on hybrid PV-wind power plants , 2020 .

[2]  Zhe Chen,et al.  Optimizing investments in coupled offshore wind -electrolytic hydrogen storage systems in Denmark , 2017 .

[3]  Abbas Rabiee,et al.  Voltage security constrained multi-period optimal reactive power flow using benders and optimality condition decompositions , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[4]  Mehdi Abapour,et al.  Robust scheduling of hydrogen based smart micro energy hub with integrated demand response , 2020 .

[5]  B. Lin,et al.  Well-to-wheel analysis of energy consumption, greenhouse gas and air pollutants emissions of hydrogen fuel cell vehicle in China , 2020 .

[6]  J. Carmeliet,et al.  Multi-Objective Optimisation of Power-to-Mobility in Decentralised Multi-Energy Systems , 2020 .

[7]  Abbas Rabiee,et al.  Voltage Security Constrained Stochastic Programming Model for Day-Ahead BESS Schedule in Co-Optimization of T&D Systems , 2020, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[8]  R D Zimmerman,et al.  MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[9]  G. Huang,et al.  Optimal design of multi-energy complementary power generation system considering fossil energy scarcity coefficient under uncertainty , 2020 .

[10]  Yu Bai,et al.  Is green technology vertical spillovers more significant in mitigating carbon intensity? Evidence from Chinese industries , 2020 .

[11]  M. Melaina,et al.  Economic Assessment of Hydrogen Technologies Participating in California Electricity Markets , 2016 .

[12]  Jorge Nocedal,et al.  Knitro: An Integrated Package for Nonlinear Optimization , 2006 .

[13]  P. Ekins,et al.  The role of hydrogen and fuel cells in the global energy system , 2019, Energy & Environmental Science.

[14]  Alireza Soroudi,et al.  Power System Optimization Modeling in GAMS , 2017 .

[15]  M. Kopp,et al.  Energiepark Mainz: Technical and economic analysis of the worldwide largest Power-to-Gas plant with PEM electrolysis , 2017 .