Diamond machining of ZnSe grisms for the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) onboard JWST

LLNL diamond machined a ZnSe grism for spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets on NIRISS, a Canadian instrument that will fly on the James Webb Space Telescope. The grism operates over the wavelength range of 0.6 to 2.5 μm. It is cross-dispersed by a ZnS prism and has a resolving power in first order of ~700. The surface error over the full 29 x 30 mm grating aperture is 0.03 wave rms at 633nm. We measured a diffraction efficiency at 633 nm of 56% (nearly 88% after accounting for Fresnel reflection). The diffraction pattern is clean with no discernible ghosts.