Photodynamic therapy for focal ablation of the prostate

Although in early stages of clinical development, photodynamic therapy (PDT) shows promise in delivering focal treatment of both primary and post-radiotherapy prostate cancer. This article will review the mechanism of action of PDT, previous research using PDT for treating prostate cancer including the development of newer vascular-acting photosensitizers, and the potential advantages and disadvantages of PDT in delivering focal therapy.

[1]  S. Andersson,et al.  Photodynamic therapy of localised prostatic cancer , 1990, The Lancet.

[2]  Paul M. Ripley,et al.  Photodynamic therapy for cancer of the pancreas , 2002, Gut.

[3]  Ronald Sroka,et al.  Photodynamic Therapy by Means of 5-ALA Induced PPIX in Human Prostate Cancer – Preliminary Results , 2003 .

[4]  F. Hetzel,et al.  Interstitial photodynamic therapy in the canine prostate. , 1997, British journal of urology.

[5]  Robert A Weersink,et al.  Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for real-time monitoring of interstitial laser thermal therapy in the focal treatment of prostate cancer. , 2013, Canadian Urological Association journal = Journal de l'Association des urologues du Canada.

[6]  Stefan Andersson-Engels,et al.  Towards accurate in vivo spectroscopy of the human prostate , 2008, Journal of biophotonics.

[7]  R. Keck,et al.  Transperineal photodynamic ablation of the canine prostate. , 1996, The Journal of urology.

[8]  Keith A. Cengel,et al.  Motexafin Lutetium-Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Cancer: Short- and Long-Term Effects on Prostate-Specific Antigen , 2008, Clinical Cancer Research.

[9]  Shi‐Chung Chang,et al.  Interstitial photodynamic therapy in the canine prostate with disulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine and 5‐aminolevulinic acid‐induced protoporphyrin IX , 1997, The Prostate.

[10]  T Theodossy,et al.  Interstitial photodynamic therapy as salvage treatment for recurrent head and neck cancer , 2004, British Journal of Cancer.

[11]  Shi-Chung Chang,et al.  Interstitial and transurethral photodynamic therapy of the canine prostate using meso‐tetra‐(m‐hydroxyphenyl) chlorin , 1996, International journal of cancer.

[12]  Timothy C Zhu,et al.  Updated results of a phase I trial of motexafin lutetium-mediated interstitial photodynamic therapy in patients with locally recurrent prostate cancer. , 2006, Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer.

[13]  Robert A Weersink,et al.  Prostate gland: MR imaging appearance after vascular targeted photodynamic therapy with palladium-bacteriopheophorbide. , 2007, Radiology.

[14]  H. Oppelaar,et al.  Comparison of aluminium (III) phthalocyanine tetrasulfonate‐ and meta‐tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin‐monoclonal antibody conjugates for their efficacy in photodynamic therapy in vitro , 2002, International journal of cancer.

[15]  R. Beck.  Photodynamic therapy for age-related macular degeneration. , 2004, American journal of ophthalmology.

[16]  M Emberton,et al.  Photodynamic therapy using meso tetra hydroxy phenyl chlorin (mTHPC) in early prostate cancer , 2006, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[17]  F. Gomi.  [Photodynamic therapy for age-related macular degeneration]. , 2006, Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi.

[18]  J. V. van Lier,et al.  Targeted photodynamic therapy via receptor mediated delivery systems. , 2004, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[19]  J. Trachtenberg,et al.  936 TOOKAD ® SOLUBLE (PADELIPORFIN) SECOND GENERATION VASCULAR TARGETED PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY (VTP) FOR PROSTATE CANCER: SAFETY AND FEASIBILITY , 2010 .

[20]  Joan W. Miller,et al.  Selective photodynamic therapy by targeted verteporfin delivery to experimental choroidal neovascularization mediated by a homing peptide to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. , 2004, Archives of ophthalmology.

[21]  A. Evans,et al.  Vascular‐targeted photodynamic therapy (padoporfin, WST09) for recurrent prostate cancer after failure of external beam radiotherapy: a study of escalating light doses , 2008, BJU international.

[22]  Johannes Swartling,et al.  Realtime light dosimetry software tools for interstitial photodynamic therapy of the human prostate. , 2007, Medical physics.

[23]  A. Curnow,et al.  Comparing and combining light dose fractionation and iron chelation to enhance experimental photodynamic therapy with aminolevulinic acid , 2006, Lasers in surgery and medicine.

[24]  M Saunders,et al.  Photodynamic therapy in the canine prostate using motexafin lutetium. , 2001, Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[25]  A. Evans,et al.  Vascular targeted photodynamic therapy with palladium-bacteriopheophorbide photosensitizer for recurrent prostate cancer following definitive radiation therapy: assessment of safety and treatment response. , 2007, The Journal of urology.

[26]  R W Keck,et al.  Studies of tin ethyl etiopurpurin photodynamic therapy of the canine prostate. , 2001, The Journal of urology.