Perspectives on Usability

One of the central concepts in human-computer interaction (HCI) is usability. Interestingly, in spite of its brief history as a scientific and applied discipline, HCI has already produced several different views on usability. These views are, in turn, interrelated with how research and systems development are seen. This paper identifies five different perspectives on usability: general theory, usability engineering, subjectivity, flexibility and sociality. Their interrelations and implications for usability-oriented systems development are discussed.

[1]  Sidney L. Smith,et al.  Guidelines for Designing User Interface Software , 1986 .

[2]  Allen Newell,et al.  Straightening Out Softening Up: Response to Carroll and Campbell , 1987, SGCH.

[3]  Terry Winograd,et al.  The Usability Challenge , 1992, Usability - Turning Technologies into Tools.

[4]  Joseph F. Dumas,et al.  A Practical Guide to Usability Testing , 1993 .

[5]  T. R. G. Green Why Software Engineers Don’t Listen to What Psychologists Don’t Tell Them Anyway , 1994 .

[6]  Allen Newell,et al.  The psychology of human-computer interaction , 1983 .

[7]  Michael Wiklund,et al.  Usability in practice: how companies develop user-friendly products , 1994 .

[8]  Ken Eason,et al.  Towards the experimental study of usability , 1984 .

[9]  Jonathan Grudin,et al.  Utility and Usability: Research Issues and Development Contexts , 1992, Interact. Comput..

[10]  Robert J. Anderson,et al.  Representations and Requirements: The Value of Ethnography in System Design , 1994, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[11]  Austin Henderson,et al.  There's No Place Like Home: Continuing Design in Use , 1992, Design at Work.

[12]  Bonnie A. Nardi,et al.  The spreadsheet interface: A basis for end user programming , 1990, IFIP TC13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction.

[13]  Jonathan Grudin,et al.  Obstacles to participatory design in large product development organizations , 1990 .

[14]  Deborah J. Mayhew,et al.  Principles and Guidelines in Software User Interface Design , 1991 .

[15]  Tom Rodden,et al.  Moving out from the control room: ethnography in system design , 1994, CSCW '94.

[16]  Kjeld Schmidt,et al.  Taking CSCW Seriously: Supporting Articulation Work * , 1992 .

[17]  Thomas P. Moran,et al.  User-tailorable systems: pressing the issues with buttons , 1990, CHI '90.

[18]  Morten Kyng,et al.  Design at Work , 1992 .

[19]  Pelle Ehn,et al.  Scandinavian Design: On Participation and Skill , 1992, Usability - Turning Technologies into Tools.

[20]  Donald A. Norman Cognitive engineering—cognitive science , 1987 .

[21]  Andrew Clement,et al.  A retrospective look at PD projects , 1993, CACM.

[22]  John L. Bennett,et al.  Usability Engineering: Our Experience and Evolution , 1988 .

[23]  Clayton H. Lewis,et al.  A Research Agenda for the Nineties in Human-Computer Interaction , 1990, Hum. Comput. Interact..

[24]  Thomas C. Ormerod,et al.  Understanding interfaces - a handbook of human-computer dialogue , 1994, Computers and people series.

[25]  M. Kyng,et al.  Computers and Democracy: A Scandinavian Challenge , 1987 .

[26]  M. Good,et al.  User-derived impact analysis as a tool for usability engineering , 1986, CHI '86.

[27]  Barry W. Boehm,et al.  A spiral model of software development and enhancement , 1986, Computer.

[28]  Sunil K. Sarin,et al.  Experiences with workflow management: issues for the next generation , 1994, CSCW '94.

[29]  Liam J. Bannon,et al.  From Human Factors to Human Actors: The Role of Psychology and Human-Computer Interaction Studies in System Design , 1992, Design at Work.

[30]  Douglas Schuler,et al.  Participatory Design: Principles and Practices , 1993 .

[31]  Mary Beth Rosson,et al.  Usability Specifications as Tool in Iterative Development. , 1984 .

[32]  Gerhard Fischer,et al.  End-user modifiability in design environments , 1990, CHI '90.

[33]  P. Barnard,et al.  Design practice and interface usability: Evidence from interviews with designers , 1983, CHI '83.

[34]  Karen Holtzblatt,et al.  Contextual design: an emergent view of system design , 1990, CHI '90.

[35]  Karen Holtzblatt,et al.  Making customer-centered design work for teams , 1993, CACM.

[36]  Markku Nurminen,et al.  People or Computers: Three Ways of Looking at Information Systems , 1988 .

[37]  Dennis Wixon,et al.  The Dialectic of Usability Engineering , 1987 .

[38]  Emilie M. Roth,et al.  Cognitive Engineering: Human Problem Solving with Tools , 1988 .

[39]  Brian Shackel,et al.  Ergonomics in design for usability , 1986 .

[40]  Gerhard Schmidt,et al.  Out of Scandinavia: Alternative Approaches to Software Design and System Development , 1989, Hum. Comput. Interact..