The relation between public speaking anxiety and social anxiety: a review.

This article reviewed the literature on public speaking anxiety in the context of social phobia subtyping. In total, 18 empirical studies on subtype issues related to public speaking anxiety were analyzed. Results of the reviewed studies are discussed in relation to their research method, that is, whether it focused on qualitative or quantitative aspects of subtype differences and whether it used a clinical or community sample. Evidence supported the premise that public speaking anxiety is a distinct subtype, qualitatively and quantitatively different from other subtypes of social phobia. The significance of this finding for social phobia studies using speech tasks to assess participants' state anxiety and behavioral performance is discussed.

[1]  J. Gorman,et al.  Responses of “generalized” and “discrete” social phobics during public speaking , 1993 .

[2]  D. Chambless,et al.  Psychopathology of social phobia: Effects of subtype and of avoidant personality disorder , 1995 .

[3]  T. Michael,et al.  Subtypes of social phobia: are they of any use? , 2007, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[4]  M. Weissman,et al.  Social Phobia: Comorbidity and Morbidity in an Epidemiologic Sample , 1992 .

[5]  M. Stein,et al.  The structure of feared social situations among individuals with a lifetime diagnosis of social anxiety disorder in two independent nationally representative mental health surveys. , 2008, Behaviour research and therapy.

[6]  M. Liebowitz,et al.  The issue of subtypes in the diagnosis of social phobia , 1993 .

[7]  H. Johnson,et al.  Subjective versus objective behavioral ratings following two analogue tasks: a comparison of socially phobic and non-anxious adolescents. , 2007, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[8]  D. Nutzinger,et al.  Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, third edition (DSM-III) , 1992 .

[9]  M. Liebowitz,et al.  An empirical approach to subtype identification in individuals with social phobia , 2000, Psychological Medicine.

[10]  W. Mansell,et al.  SOCIAL ANXIETY, SELF-FOCUSED ATTENTION, AND THE DISCRIMINATION OF NEGATIVE, NEUTRAL AND POSITIVE AUDIENCE MEMBERS BY THEIR NON-VERBAL BEHAVIOURS , 2002, Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy.

[11]  H. Akiskal,et al.  Putative clinical subtypes of social phobia: a factor-analytical study , 2001 .

[12]  C ALEC POLLARD,et al.  Four Types of Social Phobia in a Community Sample , 1988, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.

[13]  A. W. Blöte,et al.  Peer behavior toward socially anxious adolescents: classroom observations. , 2007, Behaviour research and therapy.

[14]  D F Klein,et al.  Generalized social phobia. Reliability and validity. , 1995, Archives of general psychiatry.

[15]  D. Valentiner,et al.  Are Specific and Generalized Social Phobias Qualitatively Distinct , 2006 .

[16]  S. Hofmann,et al.  Speech disturbances and gaze behavior during public speaking in subtypes of social phobia. , 1997, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[17]  M. Liebowitz,et al.  Relations of the factors of the tripartite model of anxiety and depression to types of social anxiety. , 2006, Behaviour research and therapy.

[18]  M. Liebowitz,et al.  Factor structure of social fears: The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. , 1999, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[19]  R. Kessler,et al.  Social fears and social phobia in the USA: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication , 2007, Psychological Medicine.

[20]  M. Stein,et al.  In search of social phobia subtypes: Similarity of feared social situations , 2003, Depression and anxiety.

[21]  T. Furmark,et al.  Social phobia subtypes in the general population revealed by cluster analysis , 2000, Psychological Medicine.

[22]  M. Stein,et al.  Public-speaking fears in a community sample. Prevalence, impact on functioning, and diagnostic classification. , 1996, Archives of general psychiatry.

[23]  R. Kessler,et al.  Social phobia subtypes in the National Comorbidity Survey. , 1998, The American journal of psychiatry.

[24]  C. Dancu,et al.  Psychopathology of social phobia and comparison to avoidant personality disorder. , 1986, Journal of Abnormal Psychology.

[25]  P. Norton,et al.  Kernels of truth or distorted perceptions: Self and observer ratings of social anxiety and performance , 2001 .

[26]  George Mendelson,et al.  Book Reviews , 1995 .

[27]  R. Heimberg,et al.  Patterns of anxious arousal during exposure to feared situations in individuals with social phobia. , 2000, Behaviour research and therapy.

[28]  M. Stein,et al.  Social phobia symptoms, subtypes, and severity: findings from a community survey. , 2000, Archives of general psychiatry.

[29]  D. Clark,et al.  Self-images play a causal role in social phobia. , 2003, Behaviour research and therapy.

[30]  Leslie E. Carter,et al.  Multimodal comparisons of social phobia subtypes and avoidant personality disorder. , 1999, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[31]  A. Wenzel,et al.  Social-evaluative threat and cognitive performance in socially anxious and nonanxious individuals , 2003 .

[32]  S. Hofmann,et al.  The nature and expression of social phobia: toward a new classification. , 2004, Clinical psychology review.

[33]  J. Olivares,et al.  A new proposal for the subtypes of social phobia in a sample of Spanish adolescents. , 2008, Journal of anxiety disorders.

[34]  D. Beidel,et al.  Social phobia: a comparison of specific and generalized subtypes and avoidant personality disorder. , 1992, Journal of abnormal psychology.