Response by Lee et al to Letter Regarding Article, "Pioglitazone for Secondary Stroke Prevention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".

Liraglutide, semaglutide, and empagliflozin are antidiabetic drugs that have been proven in randomized controlled trials to have a beneficial effect at reducing the composite primary end point of major cardiovascular events (nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and cardiovascular death).1–3 The benefits of long-acting glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, such as liraglutide and semaglutide, are perhaps related to the modified progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease,4 whereas benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, such as empagliflozin, may be more closely linked to hemodynamic changes. These differences in postulated mechanisms of action may explain, …