Algorithmic and Abstraction-Based Design of Discrete Controllers for Hybrid Automata (Algorithmischer und abstraktionsbasierter Entwurf diskreter Steuerungen für hybride Automaten)

A rigorous modeling of discretely controlled processes requires to account for the abrupt change of dynamics when a process event (typically a limit switch) triggers a discrete control action. Using hybrid automata as a suitable means to model such discrete-continuous interactions, this contribution describes an algorithmic procedure to generate discrete controllers. For hybrid automata with linear continuous dynamics and additive uncertainties, a computational scheme is proposed which ensures that the controlled system meets specifications for safety and goal attainment. The key idea of the scheme is that discrete abstractions of the hybrid automaton are used to determine a feasible control strategy with relatively low computational effort. Eine rigorose Modellierung diskret gesteuerter Systeme erfordert die adäquate Darstellung abrupter Dynamikwechsel, wenn eine Steuerung eine diskrete Stellaktion als Reaktion auf ein Prozessereignis (üblicherweise eine Grenzwertüberschreitung) ausgibt. Unter Verwendung von hybriden Automaten als geeignete Modellform zur Darstellung dieser Steuerungsaufgabe stellt der Beitrag eine algorithmische Prozedur zur Erzeugung diskreter Steuerungen vor. Für hybride Automaten mit linearer kontinuierlicher Dynamik und additivem Unsicherheitsterm wird ein Berechnungsschema vorgeschlagen, mit dem das gesteuerte System Anforderungen an die Betriebssicherheit und Zielerreichung garantiert erfüllt. Die wesentliche Idee liegt in der Verwendung diskreter Abstraktionen der hybriden Automaten, die eine Bestimmung zulässiger Steuerstrategien mit relativ geringem Rechenaufwand zulassen.

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