Novel lingual retainer created using CAD/CAM technology

ObjectivesPermanent retention is currently the method of choice to stabilize orthodontic treatment results. Frequently, permanent retention schemes are adopted to prevent posttreatment changes in the esthetic zone of the anterior teeth. With increasingly prolonged times of intraoral device use, and retention to be provided in the maxilla despite limited space, the demands placed on well-planned and precise retainer positioning are becoming more exacting. The aim of the present study was to analyze the intraoral precision of lingual retainers made using computer-aided design and machining (CAD/CAM).Materials and methodsA custom manufacturer (Retaintechnology; Cologne, Germany) employing innovative CAD/CAM technology was commissioned to fabricate 16 lingual retainers. Following intraoral insertion using the manufacturer’s recommended transfer system, impressions of the intraoral situations were taken and scanned for digitization. On this basis, the intraoral retainer positions were compared to the preceding virtual setups by superimposition with the manufacturer’s datasets. Three-dimensional processing software (Geomagic Qualify 2012; Geomagic) was used to analyze the retainers, based on a total of 80 interproximal sites, for deviations from their planned positions along the horizontal (x-), sagittal (y-), and vertical (z-) axes. These deviations of the achieved from the intended positions were considered clinically relevant if ≥ 0.5 mm and, based on this premise, were subjected to a t-test with statistical software (Prism; GraphPad).ResultsThe intraoral retainer positions were found to correlate closely with the preceding virtual setups (i.e., the positions as they had been planned by the custom manufacturer). Positional deviations were significantly less than 0.5 mm. They were very small in the horizontal and sagittal planes and moderately larger in the vertical plane.ConclusionHighly precise intraoral results may be achieved by transferring three-dimensional virtual setups for lingual retainers to the actual patients. This CAD/CAM strategy of making retainers can offer high predictability even in anatomically demanding regions and in the presence of limited space.ZusammenfassungZielDie dauerhafte permanente Retention stellt derzeit das Mittel der Wahl dar, um das orthodontische Behandlungsergebnis zu stabilisieren. Oft wird die Retention als dauerhafte Retention ausgelegt, um posttherapeutischen Veränderungen im ästhetischen sensiblen Bereich der Frontzähne vorzubeugen. Mit zunehmender Verweildauer im Mund des Patienten und im Hinblick darauf, auch im Oberkiefer trotz eingeschränkter Platzverhältnisse Retainer zu applizieren, verändern sich die Ansprüche bezüglich der Präzision und Planbarkeit der Retainerposition. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es zu untersuchen, inwieweit computerunterstützte Positionierungs- und Herstellverfahren eine exakte Übertragung der im Herstellungsprozess errechneten Position eines Lingualretainers auf die intraorale Situation am Patienten gewährleisten.Material und MethodeMittels innovativer CAD/CAM-Verfahren wurden individuell gefertigte Lingualretainer durch die Firma Retaintechnology (Köln, Deutschland) hergestellt und intraoral unter Verwendung des vom Hersteller empfohlenen Übertragungssystems eingesetzt. Anschließend wurden Abdrücke der intraoralen Situation nach Retainerinsertion genommen, digitalisiert und mit der geplanten Position durch Überlagerung mit den Datensätzen des Herstellers verglichen. Unter Verwendung der Software Geomagic Qualify 2012 wurden insgesamt 80 approximale Messstellen an insgesamt 16 Retainern hinsichtlich ihrer Positionsabweichung in Relation zur der geplanten Situation in X-, Y- und Z-Achse untersucht. Die statistische Analyse der gemessenen Positionsabweichung erfolgte mittels t-Test unter Verwendung der Software Graph Pad Prism. Abweichungen wurden als klinisch relevant angesehen bei einer Positionsabweichung zwischen ursprünglich geplanter Position und tatsächlicher intraoraler Position von mehr als 0,5 mm.ErgebnisDie Daten zeigen eine starke Korrelation der vom Hersteller digital geplanten Retainerposition mit der tatsächlichen Position nach Einsetzen des Werkstücks. Abweichungen gegenüber der 3-dimensional geplanten Klebeposition waren signifikant geringer als 0,5 mm. Die größten Abweichungen konnten in der Z-Achse (vertikale Position) festgestellt werden, wohingegen Positionsveränderungen im Bereich der X- und Y-Achse sehr gering waren.SchlussfolgerungDie 3-dimensionale Positionierung von CAD/CAM gefertigten Lingualretainern erscheint in Bezug auf die Übertragung auf den Patienten hochpräzise und ermöglicht eine gut planbare Applikation von permanenten Retainern auch in anatomisch anspruchsvollen Bereichen bzw. bei eingeschränkten Platzverhältnissen.

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