Third-order active-RC complex filter with automatic frequency tuning for ZigBee transceiver applications

A 3rd-order Butterworth active-RC complex band-pass filter was presented for ZigBee (IEEE802.15.4) transceiver applications. The filter adopted cascaded complex pole stages to realize the 3 MHz bandwidth with a centre frequency of 2 MHz which was required by the ZigBee transceiver applications. An automatic frequency tuning scheme was also designed to accommodate the performance deterioration due to the process, voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. The whole filter is implemented in a 0.18 μm standard process and occupies an area of 1.3 mm×0.6 mm. The current dissipation is 1.2 mA from a 1.8 V single power supply. Measurement results show that the image rejection ratio (IRR) of the filter is 24.1 dB with a pass-band ripple less than 0.3 dB. The adjacent channel rejection is 29.8 dB@7 MHz and alternate channel rejection 47.5 dB@12 MHz, respectively.

[1]  Edgar Sanchez-Sinencio,et al.  A pseudo differential complex filter for Bluetooth with frequency tuning , 2003, IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II Express Briefs.

[2]  Le Ye,et al.  460 μW 32 dB image rejection ratio second-order active-RC complex filter with improved power efficient opamp , 2013 .

[3]  Michael D. Bedford,et al.  Evaluation of ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4) Time-of-Flight-Based Distance Measurement for Application in Emergency Underground Navigation , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation.

[4]  Soliman A. Mahmoud,et al.  New CMOS fully differential current conveyor and its application in realizing sixth order complex filter , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[5]  Fred J. Taylor,et al.  Electronic filter design handbook , 1981 .

[6]  Saska Lindfors,et al.  Continuous-Time Low-Pass Filters for Integrated Wideband Radio Receivers , 2012 .

[7]  H. Shaman,et al.  New S-Band Bandpass Filter (BPF) With Wideband Passband for Wireless Communication Systems , 2012, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[8]  R. Sharma,et al.  An Analytical Study of Interference Problem between ZigBee and WI-FI , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies.

[9]  Fujiang Lin,et al.  A low power Gm-C complex filter for ZigBee receiver , 2012, 2012 International Conference on Microwave and Millimeter Wave Technology (ICMMT).

[10]  J. Mahattanakul,et al.  A low-voltage low-power complex active-RC filter employing single-stage opamp , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Conference on Electron Devices and Solid State Circuit (EDSSC).

[11]  Michael Curt Elwenspoek,et al.  A 4th-order band-pass filter using differential readout of two in-phase actuated contour-mode resonators , 2013 .

[12]  N. Weste,et al.  350 MHz opamp-RC filter in 0.18 μm CMOS , 2002 .

[13]  Sang-Gug Lee,et al.  Building a 2.4-GHZ radio transceiver using IEEE 802.15.4 , 2006, IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine.

[14]  Pietro Andreani,et al.  On the use of Nauta's transconductor in low-frequency CMOS g/sub m/-C bandpass filters , 2002 .

[15]  Diego Vázquez,et al.  A 3.6mW @ 1.2V high linear 8th-order CMOS complex filter for IEEE 802.15.4 standard , 2011, 2011 Proceedings of the ESSCIRC (ESSCIRC).

[16]  Zhihua Wang,et al.  An Active-RC Complex Filter with Mixed Signal Tuning System for Low-IF Receiver , 2006, APCCAS 2006 - 2006 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems.

[17]  Zhiqun Li,et al.  A 5th-order Chebyshev active RC complex filter with automatic frequency tuning for wireless sensor networks application , 2010, 2010 International Symposium on Signals, Systems and Electronics.

[18]  K. Masu,et al.  A Multi-Band Quadrature Clock Generator With High-Pass-Filtered Pulse Injection Technique , 2013, IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters.

[19]  Sanghyuk Lee,et al.  Design and compensation of second-order sub-sampling digital frontend , 2012 .

[20]  Kenneth W. Martin,et al.  Complex signal processing is not - complex , 2004, ESSCIRC 2004 - 29th European Solid-State Circuits Conference (IEEE Cat. No.03EX705).