Increasing heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluid in rectangular microchannel with triangular ribs

Abstract In this study, computational fluid dynamics and the laminar flow of the non-Newtonian fluid have been numerically studied. The cooling fluid includes water and 0.5 wt% Carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) making the non-Newtonian fluid. In order to make the best of non-Newtonian nanofluid in this simulation, solid nanoparticles of Aluminum Oxide have been added to the non-Newtonian fluid in volume fractions of 0–2% with diameters of 25, 45 and 100 nm. The supposed microchannel is rectangular and two-dimensional in Cartesian coordination. The power law has been used to speculate the dynamic viscosity of the cooling nanofluid. The field of numerical solution is simulated in the Reynolds number range of 5 2 is exercised on the lower walls of the studied geometry. Further, the effect of triangular ribs with angle of attacks of 30°, 45° and 60° is studied on flow parameters and heat transfer due to the fluid flow. The results show that an increase in the volume fraction of nanoparticles as well as the use for nanoparticles with smaller diameters lead to greater heat transfer. Among all the studied forms, the triangular rib from with an angle of attack 30° has the biggest Nusselt number and the smallest pressure drop along the microchannel. Also, an increase in the angle of attack and as a result of a sudden contact between the fluid and the ribs and also a reduction in the coflowing length (length of the rib) cause a cut in heat transfer by the fluid in farther parts from the solid wall (tip of the rib).

[1]  M. Afrand,et al.  Estimation of thermal conductivity of Al2O3/water (40%)–ethylene glycol (60%) by artificial neural network and correlation using experimental data , 2016 .

[2]  A. Minea.  Uncertainties in modeling thermal conductivity of laminar forced convection heat transfer with water alumina nanofluids , 2014 .

[3]  Mohd Zamri Yusoff,et al.  An overview on heat transfer augmentation using vortex generators and nanofluids: Approaches and applications , 2012 .

[4]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  The effect of semi-attached and offset mid-truncated ribs and Water/TiO2 nanofluid on flow and heat transfer properties in a triangular microchannel , 2017 .

[5]  Gianluca Danilo D'Urso,et al.  Micro-electro discharge machining drilling of stainless steel with copper electrode: The influence of process parameters and electrode size , 2016 .

[6]  M. Yusoff,et al.  Impact of Delta-Winglet Pair of Vortex Generators on the Thermal and Hydraulic Performance of a Triangular Channel Using Al2O3–Water Nanofluid , 2014 .

[7]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  The effect of velocity and dimension of solid nanoparticles on heat transfer in non-Newtonian nanofluid , 2017 .

[8]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Fluid flow and heat transfer of non-Newtonian nanofluid in a microtube considering slip velocity and temperature jump boundary conditions , 2017 .

[9]  Somchai Wongwises,et al.  An experimental study on the effect of diameter on thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity of Fe/water nanofluids , 2015, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.

[10]  O. Mahian,et al.  Investigation of Micro- and Nanosized Particle Erosion in a 90° Pipe Bend Using a Two-Phase Discrete Phase Model , 2014, TheScientificWorldJournal.

[11]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  The effect of aspect ratios of rib on the heat transfer and laminar water/TiO2 nanofluid flow in a two-dimensional rectangular microchannel , 2017 .

[12]  S. Suresh,et al.  Convective performance of CuO/water nanofluid in an electronic heat sink , 2012 .

[13]  A. R. Azimian,et al.  The surface charge density effect on the electro-osmotic flow in a nanochannel: a molecular dynamics study , 2015 .

[14]  A. Azimian,et al.  Molecular dynamics simulation of nonodroplets with the modified Lennard-Jones potential function , 2011 .

[15]  Mostafa Keshavarz Moraveji,et al.  Comparison between single-phase and two-phases CFD modeling of laminar forced convection flow of nanofluids in a circular tube under constant heat flux ☆ , 2012 .

[16]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Numerical simulation of heat transfer and fluid flow of Water-CuO Nanofluid in a sinusoidal channel with a porous medium , 2017 .

[17]  O. Manca,et al.  A numerical study of nanofluid forced convection in ribbed channels , 2012 .

[18]  J. Thibault,et al.  Rheological characteristics of non-Newtonian nanofluids: Experimental investigation , 2011 .

[19]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Numerical simulation of heat transfer and turbulent flow of water nanofluids copper oxide in rectangular microchannel with semi-attached rib , 2016 .

[20]  Saeed Zeinali Heris,et al.  Numerical Investigation of Nanofluid Laminar Convective Heat Transfer through a Circular Tube , 2007 .

[21]  M. Afrand,et al.  Experimental determination of viscosity of water based magnetite nanofluid for application in heating and cooling systems , 2016 .

[22]  R. Chhabra,et al.  Effect of Prandtl number on heat transfer from tandem square cylinders immersed in power-law fluids in the low Reynolds number regime , 2013 .

[23]  A. Azimian,et al.  Molecular dynamics simulation of liquid–vapor phase equilibrium by using the modified Lennard-Jones potential function , 2010 .

[24]  M. Afrand,et al.  Experimental study on thermal conductivity of water-based Fe3O4 nanofluid: Development of a new correlation and modeled by artificial neural network , 2016 .

[25]  D. Toghraie,et al.  The effect of geometrical parameters, roughness and the number of nanoparticles on the self-diffusion coefficient in Couette flow in a nanochannel by using of molecular dynamics simulation , 2017 .

[26]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Effects of temperature and nanoparticles concentration on rheological behavior of Fe3O4–Ag/EG hybrid nanofluid: An experimental study , 2016 .

[27]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Investigation of rib's height effect on heat transfer and flow parameters of laminar water-Al2O3 nanofluid in a rib-microchannel , 2016, Appl. Math. Comput..

[28]  D. Toghraie,et al.  Numerical simulation of laminar forced convection of water-CuO nanofluid inside a triangular duct , 2017 .

[29]  Non-Newtonian nanofluid in a micro planar sudden expansion considering variable properties , 2016 .

[30]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Designing an artificial neural network to predict dynamic viscosity of aqueous nanofluid of TiO2 using experimental data , 2016 .

[31]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Investigation of volume fraction of nanoparticles effect and aspect ratio of the twisted tape in the tube , 2017, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.

[32]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Computational fluid dynamics simulation of heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics in a vortex tube by considering the various parameters , 2017 .

[33]  Bart Koopman,et al.  The effect of tyre and rider properties on the stability of a bicycle , 2015 .

[34]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Molecular dynamics simulation of Poiseuille flow in a rough nano channel with checker surface roughnesses geometry , 2014 .

[35]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Pull-in instability analysis of rectangular nanoplate based on strain gradient theory considering surface stress effects , 2017 .

[36]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Analysis of heat transfer and nanofluid fluid flow in microchannels with trapezoidal, rectangular and triangular shaped ribs , 2017 .

[37]  D. Toghraie,et al.  INVESTIGATION OF DYNAMICAL BEHAVIOR (TRANSVERSE VIBRATION) AND INSTABILITY ANALYSIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES CONVEYING NANOFLUID , 2013 .

[38]  Mina Shahi,et al.  Numerical simulation of steady natural convection heat transfer in a 3-dimensional single-ended tube subjected to a nanofluid , 2010 .

[39]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Experimental study of the effect of solid volume fraction and Reynolds number on heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop of CuO–Water nanofluid , 2016 .

[40]  Wei-Mon Yan,et al.  Effects of temperature and concentration on rheological behavior of MWCNTs/SiO2(20–80)-SAE40 hybrid nano-lubricant☆ , 2016 .

[41]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Impact of ribs on flow parameters and laminar heat transfer of water–aluminum oxide nanofluid with different nanoparticle volume fractions in a three-dimensional rectangular microchannel , 2015 .

[42]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Studying the Effect of Indentation on Flow Parameters and Slow Heat Transfer of Water-Silver Nano-Fluid with Varying Volume Fraction in a Rectangular Two-Dimensional Micro Channel , 2015 .

[43]  Reza Kamali,et al.  Numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement using carbon nanotube-based non-Newtonian nanofluids , 2010 .

[44]  D. T. Semiromi,et al.  Molecular dynamics simulation of annular flow boiling with the modified Lennard-Jones potential function , 2011, Heat and Mass Transfer.

[45]  D. Toghraie,et al.  Developing a new correlation to estimate the thermal conductivity of MWCNT-CuO/water hybrid nanofluid via an experimental investigation , 2017, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.

[46]  M. Afrand,et al.  EFFECT OF NANOFLUID VARIABLE PROPERTIES ON MIXED CONVECTION FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN AN INCLINED TWO-SIDED LID-DRIVEN CAVITY WITH SINUSOIDAL HEATING ON SIDEWALLS , 2014 .

[47]  Sarit K. Das,et al.  Effect of particle size on the convective heat transfer in nanofluid in the developing region , 2009 .

[48]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Influence of T-semi attached rib on turbulent flow and heat transfer parameters of a silver-water nanofluid with different volume fractions in a three-dimensional trapezoidal microchannel , 2017 .

[49]  S. Jafarmadar,et al.  Thermal analysis and entropy generation of pulsating heat pipes using nanofluids , 2016 .

[50]  M. Afrand,et al.  Measurement of thermal conductivity of ZnO–TiO2/EG hybrid nanofluid , 2016, Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry.

[51]  N. Sandeep,et al.  UCM flow across a melting surface in the presence of double stratification and cross-diffusion effects , 2017 .

[52]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Molecular dynamics study of an electro-kinetic fluid transport in a charged nanochannel based on the role of the stern layer , 2015 .

[53]  Rouhollah Bagheri,et al.  Experimental heat transfer of nanofluid through an annular duct , 2011 .

[54]  Niladri Chakraborty,et al.  Study of heat transfer due to laminar flow of copper–water nanofluid through two isothermally heated parallel plates , 2009 .

[55]  M. Afrand,et al.  Effect of Magnetic Field on Free Convection in Inclined Cylindrical Annulus Containing Molten Potassium , 2015 .

[56]  D. Toghraie,et al.  NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF BLOOD FLOW IN HEALTHY ARTERIES BY USE OF THE SISKO MODEL , 2016 .

[57]  O. Koriko,et al.  Analysis of boundary layer formed on an upper horizontal surface of a paraboloid of revolution within nanofluid flow in the presence of thermophoresis and Brownian motion of 29 nm CuO , 2017 .

[58]  S. A. Eftekhari,et al.  Longitudinal vibration and instabilities of carbon nanotubes conveying fluid considering size effects of nanoflow and nanostructure , 2016 .

[59]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  Performance Evaluation of Nanofluids in an Inclined Ribbed Microchannel for Electronic Cooling Applications , 2016 .

[60]  A. Badarudin,et al.  Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Forward-Facing Contracting Channel Using FMWCNT Nanofluids , 2014 .

[61]  M. Afrand,et al.  An experimental study on viscosity of alumina-engine oil: Effects of temperature and nanoparticles concentration , 2016 .

[62]  Wei-Mon Yan,et al.  Heat transfer enhancement in microchannel heat sinks using nanofluids , 2012 .

[63]  Davood Toghraie,et al.  Numerical thermal analysis of water's boiling heat transfer based on a turbulent jet impingement on heated surface , 2016 .

[64]  Arash Karimipour,et al.  Mixed convection of copper-water nanofluid in a shallow inclined lid driven cavity using the lattice Boltzmann method , 2014 .

[65]  M. Moraveji,et al.  Modeling of forced convective heat transfer of a non-Newtonian nanofluid in the horizontal tube under constant heat flux with computational fluid dynamics , 2012 .

[66]  N. Sandeep,et al.  Impact of nonlinear radiation on 3D magnetohydrodynamic flow of methanol and kerosene based ferrofluids with temperature dependent viscosity , 2017 .

[67]  N. Sandeep.  Effect of aligned magnetic field on liquid thin film flow of magnetic-nanofluids embedded with graphene nanoparticles , 2017 .

[68]  Omid Ali Akbari,et al.  A modified two-phase mixture model of nanofluid flow and heat transfer in a 3-D curved microtube , 2016 .

[69]  Emad Sadeghinezhad,et al.  Numerical simulation of laminar to turbulent nanofluid flow and heat transfer over a backward-facing step , 2014, Appl. Math. Comput..

[70]  Effects of nanoparticle migration on non-Newtonian nanofluids in a channel with multiple heating and cooling regions , 2017 .

[71]  M. Afrand,et al.  Molecular dynamic simulation of Copper and Platinum nanoparticles Poiseuille flow in a nanochannels , 2016 .

[72]  Davood Domiri Ganji,et al.  Modified Buongiorno’s model for fully developed mixed convection flow of nanofluids in a vertical annular pipe , 2014 .

[73]  D. Toghraie,et al.  Experimental investigation for developing a new model for the thermal conductivity of Silica/Water-Ethylene glycol (40%–60%) nanofluid at different temperatures and solid volume fractions , 2017 .

[74]  D. Toghraie,et al.  Modeling industrial scale reaction furnace using computational fluid dynamics: A case study in Ilam gas treating plant , 2017 .

[75]  A. Azimian,et al.  Nanoscale Poiseuille flow and effects of modified Lennard–Jones potential function , 2010 .