Review of models for predicting soil water balance

In this paper the application of models to study the soil water balance is reviewed. The difficulty in measuring components of the soil water balance has prompted the use of simulation models to investigate the processes involved. Simulation models integrate levels of knowledge about separate parts of a system and they can be used as exploratory tools to investigate solutions to problems that in agriculture are normally site-specific. Models are simplified representations of the real system and must be used with precaution. It is imperative that proposed algorithms used in the models be tested by comparing simulated results with independently obtained real data. This review is structured in four sections. First, modelling and simulation terms are defined, strategy of model building and verification are presented, and types of models are outlined. Second, the concept of soil water balance is given. Third, examples of types of soil water balance models are delineated, and fourth, an energy-water balance model is applied to simulate water use by a sorghum crop. INTRODUCnON

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