Thiazolidinediones improve -cell function in type 2 diabetic patients

53 2 yr; BMI 29.4 0.8 kg/m 2 ; fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 10.3 0.4 mM; Hb A1c 8.2 0.3%]. Diabetic patients were randomized to receive placebo or TZD for 4 mo. Subjects received 1) 2-h OGTT with determination of plasma glucose, insulin, and Cpeptide concentrations and 2) two-step euglycemic insulin (40 and 160 mUm 2 min 1 ) clamp with [3- 3 H]glucose. T2DM patients were then randomized to receive 4 mo of treatment with pioglitazone (45 mg/day), rosiglitazone (8 mg/day), or placebo. Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone similarly improved FPG, mean plasma glucose during OGTT, Hb A1c, and insulin-mediated total body glucose disposal (Rd) and decreased mean plasma FFA during OGTT (all P 0.01, ANOVA). The insulin secretion/insulin resistance (disposition) index [ISR(AUC)/glucose(AUC) IR] was significantly improved in all

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