Graph groups, coherence, and three-manifolds

1. INTRoOU~T~~N We study groups given by presentations each of whose defining relations is of the form ql= yx for some generators .Y and y. To such a presentation we associate a graph X whose vertices are the generators, two vertices .Y and 1’ being adjacent in X if and only if xy = yx is a defining relation. Given a graph X, we denote by GX the group defined by the presentation associated to X in this way. We call GX a graph group. These groups have been studied by Kim and Roush [S], and by Dicks [3]. In this paper we prove the following: