Aloha with preamble sampling for sporadic traffic in ad hoc wireless sensor networks

This paper presents an analysis of the performances of the Aloha protocol combined with the preamble sampling technique. This protocol is intended for low power sporadic communications in an ad hoc wireless network of sensors. The delay performances and the resulting power consumption and lifetime are computed analytically. The benefits of using CSMA instead of Aloha are indicated. The lifetime that can be expected by a node with a single alkaline LR6 battery is given for the different protocols in function of the interval between successful transmissions. Lifetime of years can be expected using Aloha with preamble sampling if the traffic is low. This protocol can be used to transmit sporadic data traffic or the signaling traffic needed to synchronize a network into a TDMA schedule.

[1]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  An energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.

[2]  Norman M. Abramson,et al.  THE ALOHA SYSTEM: another alternative for computer communications , 1899, AFIPS '70 (Fall).

[3]  Suresh Singh,et al.  PAMAS—power aware multi-access protocol with signalling for ad hoc networks , 1998, CCRV.

[4]  B. Mangione-Smith.  Low power communications protocols: paging and beyond , 1995, 1995 IEEE Symposium on Low Power Electronics. Digest of Technical Papers.

[5]  T. Melly,et al.  An ultralow-power UHF transceiver integrated in a standard digital CMOS process: transmitter , 2001 .

[6]  Alberto L. Sangiovanni-Vincentelli,et al.  Design methodology for PicoRadio networks , 2001, Proceedings Design, Automation and Test in Europe. Conference and Exhibition 2001.

[7]  Gregory J. Pottie,et al.  Protocols for self-organization of a wireless sensor network , 2000, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[8]  L. Kleinrock,et al.  Packet Switching in Radio Channels: Part I - Carrier Sense Multiple-Access Modes and Their Throughput-Delay Characteristics , 1975, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[9]  Voon Chin Phua,et al.  Wireless lan medium access control (mac) and physical layer (phy) specifications , 1999 .

[10]  Raphael Rom,et al.  Multiple Access Protocols: Performance and Analysis , 1990, SIGMETRICS Perform. Evaluation Rev..

[11]  T. Melly,et al.  An ultralow-power UHF transceiver integrated in a standard digital CMOS process: architecture and receiver , 2001 .