Noise Sources for High Speed Trains: A Review of Results in the TGV Case

For the past 15 years, a number of tests at high speed were carried out for different trains in different countries (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain ...). In the TGV case, apart from test at operating commercial speeds, various acoustical measurements were carried out, either within dedicated programs (Deufrako Cooperations K and K2, 350 kph measurement campaign a few years ago on TGV Duplex, and more recently 360 kph test on TGV Reseau), or at the occasions of very high speed campaigns.