1.8-V 10-GHZ ring VCO design using 0.18-μm CMOS technology

This paper presents a three-stage 0.18-mum CMOS ring oscillator for use at 10-GHz. The circuit utilizes the feedforward technique in the delay cells. Together with the positive feedback provided by a cross-coupled nMOS pair in each delay cell, the performance of the oscillator is further enhanced. The output frequency ranges from 10.5 to 8.1 GHz with control voltages varying from 0 to 1.5 V. The phase noise is -92 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset from the center frequency of 9.5 GHz