Initial validation of persuasive model for web-based learning

Web-based learning (WBL) has many advantages and its usage has extended from time to time. However, WBL also has its limitations, thus an innovative design should be provided to complement the existing design. This research proposes the appropriate persuasive features of WBL. Those features are then adapted into WBL to encourage adult learners to engage and use the WBL approach in Islamic education (WBLIE). In prior work, an initial persuasive model for Islamic education was constructed. Experts in the appropriate domains of expertise were identified to evaluate the persuasive features, and the Delphi technique (DT) was used to implement the verification process. Therefore, this paper also discusses the Delphi process and analyses the results. The process began by establishing preliminary priorities among the persuasive features that include dimensions, components and elements. To accomplish the process, an instrument in the form of a questionnaire based on five levels of agreement was created. The questionnaire was used by the Delphi experts to evaluate the persuasive features and the median score of the evaluation was analyzed using median score determination. The results from the first cycle of the Delphi process showed that all three dimensions, 23 components and most of the proposed elements should be accepted as persuasive features in the WBL design. The features were further discussed in depth in the second cycle of the Delphi process. The discussion covered comments and suggestions from experts regarding the agreed features. The redundancy of components and support elements when applied in a Web environment were identified. The experts concluded that three dimensions should remain in the model and only 18 components together with appropriate support elements should be included in the persuasive design model for WBL-IE.

[1]  Kanchi S. Shah,et al.  How different are students and their learning styles , 2013 .

[2]  R.B.M. Janssen.  Persuasive technology to support self-directed learning in adult learning programs , 2012 .

[3]  Norman Crolee Dalkey,et al.  An experimental study of group opinion , 1969 .

[4]  H. Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  Persuasive Features in Web-Based Alcohol and Smoking Interventions: A Systematic Review of the Literature , 2011, Journal of medical Internet research.

[5]  Nor Aziah Daud,et al.  An Initial Model of Persuasive Design in Web based Learning Environment , 2013 .

[6]  Jeun Woo Lee,et al.  UP health: ubiquitously persuasive health promotion with an instant messaging system , 2007, CHI Extended Abstracts.

[7]  Raúl Santiago Campión,et al.  Web 2.0 and Higher Education: Its educational use in the University Environment , 2012 .

[8]  R. Cialdini.  The Science of PERSUASION. , 2001 .

[9]  S. Thangaratinam,et al.  The Delphi technique , 2005 .

[10]  Harri Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  Persuasive system design: state of the art and future directions , 2009, Persuasive '09.

[11]  B. J. Fogg,et al.  Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do , 2002, UBIQ.

[12]  C. Powell.  The Delphi technique: myths and realities. , 2003, Journal of advanced nursing.

[13]  Morten Aagaard,et al.  The Application of Persuasive Technology to educational settings: Some theoretical from the HANDS Project , 2010 .

[14]  Harri Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  A foundation for the study of behavior change support systems , 2012, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing.

[15]  Ritu Agarwal,et al.  Organizational Mechanisms for Enhancing User Innovation in Information Technology , 1999, MIS Q..

[16]  S. Kelders,et al.  Persuasive System Design Does Matter: A Systematic Review of Adherence to Web-Based Interventions , 2012, Journal of medical Internet research.

[17]  N. Dalkey,et al.  An Experimental Application of the Delphi Method to the Use of Experts , 1963 .

[18]  Ashley A. Bush,et al.  Reconciling user and project manager perceptions of IT project risk: a Delphi study 1 , 2002, Inf. Syst. J..

[19]  D. Fesenmaier,et al.  Persuasive Design of Destination Web Sites: An Analysis of First Impression , 2008 .

[20]  Harri Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  Persuasive Features in Six Weight Loss Websites: A Qualitative Evaluation , 2010, PERSUASIVE.

[21]  Kimberly L. Petri,et al.  Prediction and optimization of a ceramic casting process using a hierarchical hybrid system of neural networks and fuzzy logic , 2000 .

[22]  Diane B. Walz,et al.  Investigating traits of top performing software developers , 2000, Inf. Technol. People.

[23]  Harri Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  Native Mobile Applications For Personal Well-Being: A Persuasive Systems Design Evaluation , 2012, PACIS.

[24]  M. Harjumaa,et al.  A Systematic Framework for Designing and Evaluating Persuasive Systems , 2008, PERSUASIVE.

[25]  Chia-Chien Hsu,et al.  The Delphi Technique: Making Sense of Consensus , 2007 .

[26]  Muhammad Imran Yousuf,et al.  Using Experts` Opinions Through Delphi Technique , 2007 .

[27]  Luca Chittaro,et al.  Passengers' Safety in Aircraft Evacuations: Employing Serious Games to Educate and Persuade , 2012, PERSUASIVE.

[28]  Rodger Jamieson,et al.  Identification of Legal Issues for Computer Forensics , 2010, J. Digit. Forensic Pract..

[29]  Lynn M. Jamieson,et al.  Delivery Methodology of the Delphi: A Comparison of Two Approaches , 2001 .

[30]  B. J. Fogg.  Healthy Living with Persuasive Technologies : Framework , Issues , and Challenges , 2009 .

[31]  Mai Neo,et al.  Students' perceptions of an interactive multimedia-mediated web-based learning environment: A Malaysian perspective , 2008 .

[32]  Harri Oinas-Kukkonen,et al.  Persuasive Systems Design: Key Issues, Process Model, and System Features , 2009, Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst..