Joint estimation of DOA and polarization based on phase difference analysis of electromagnetic vector sensor array

The spatially separated electromagnetic vector sensor array (SS-EVSA) has been widely used in passive radar direction-finding systems. However, when the directional angles of array elements are different, this changes law of the phase difference between the array elements. In this paper, an explicit theoretical analysis of the characteristics of the phase difference between any two array elements in SS-EVSA is conducted. Theoretical formulas describing the phase difference between array elements are derived from the phase descriptor and the geometric descriptor. Based on the characteristics of the phase difference, a new half-interval search MUSIC(HIS-MUSIC) algorithm is proposed. By searching half of the four-dimensional space, a joint estimation of the direction of arrival and polarization of the incident signal is obtained, which can effectively reduce the computational complexity of the joint estimation of the four-dimensional space. Finally, the efficiency of the algorithm is demonstrated by simulation experiments.

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