A Delay-Aware and Backbone-Based Geographic Routing for Urban VANETs

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have been attracting more and more interest. Designing one efficient routing protocol is one of the most important issues for urban VANETs. However, fast node movement, dynamic topology changes and complicated channel environments make it quite challenging. In this paper, a Delay-aware and Backbone-based Geographic Routing (DBGR) protocol for urban VANETs is proposed. This protocol comprehensively exploits the real-time traffic information in case of link connection and the historical traffic information when the link is disconnected to make a route selection for packet forwarding. Based on the current traffic condition, using the road weight evaluation scheme (RWE), each road segment can be assigned with an appropriate weight associated with the corresponding transmission delay, by which the weight matrix of the network topology can be built. Using the matrix, the optimized route with the minimum delay can be selected. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms existing protocols in terms of packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.