Technical note--a comparison of methods used to measure eating and ruminating activity in confined dairy cattle.

Detailed knowledge of chewing and rumination activities is critical to fully understand the dietary factors affecting normal rumen function. An automatic system for the digital recording of the jaw movements in free-ranging grazing cattle has been described, but its ability to measure chewing activity of cattle housed in confinement and fed total mixed rations has not yet been evaluated. The eating and ruminating behaviors of eight lactating dairy cows were recorded simultaneously by a wireless automatic system and by 5-min interval observation over 24-h periods. Results indicated that both methods agreed on identification of eating and ruminating bouts. Mean differences between methods for total time eating (8.7 min +/- 12.8) and ruminating (42.9 min +/- 12.0) were significantly different. The time recorded by observation in both eating and rumination was 3.6 and 10.3% higher compared with the automatic system. Differences indicate inaccuracies in the observational method itself. The automatic system may prove useful in further studies examining eating and rumination activities in cattle.

[1]  Karen A. Beauchemin,et al.  An Automatic System for Quantification of Eating and Ruminating Activities of Dairy Cattle Housed in Stalls , 1989 .

[2]  D. J. Minson,et al.  The validity of the critical size theory for particles leaving the rumen , 1980, The Journal of Agricultural Science.

[3]  G. J. Mitchell,et al.  Principles and procedures of statistics: A biometrical approach , 1981 .

[4]  S M Rutter,et al.  Graze: A program to analyze recordings of the jaw movements of ruminants , 2000, Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc.

[5]  J. H. Torrie,et al.  Principles and procedures of statistics: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. New York Toronto London. , 1960 .

[6]  L. Satter,et al.  Influence of feed intake, forage physical form, and forage fiber content on particle size of masticated forage, ruminal digesta, and feces of dairy cows. , 1988, Journal of dairy science.

[7]  L. Bernard,et al.  The effect of physical form of orchardgrass hay on the passage of particulate matter through the rumen of sheep. , 2000, Journal of animal science.

[8]  S. M. Rutter,et al.  An automatic system to record foraging behaviour in free-ranging ruminants , 1997 .

[9]  K. Beauchemin Ingestion and mastication of feed by dairy cattle. , 1991, The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice.

[10]  K. Matsui,et al.  A method for quantification of jaw movements suitable for use on free-ranging cattle , 1991 .

[11]  A. Heinrichs,et al.  Measuring feed intake patterns and meal size of lactating dairy cows. , 1987, Journal of dairy science.

[12]  G. Jones,et al.  Microbial attachment and feed digestion in the rumen. , 1994, Journal of animal science.

[13]  P. D. Penning,et al.  A technique to record automatically some aspects of grazing and ruminating behaviour in sheep , 1983 .

[14]  J. G. Welch Rumination, Particle Size and Passage from the Rumen , 1982 .

[15]  J M Luginbuhl,et al.  A simple electronic device and computer interface system for monitoring chewing behavior of stall-fed ruminant animals. , 1987, Journal of dairy science.