Lifetime-Optimal Data Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Without Flow Splitting

We consider two-tiered wireless sensor networks, and address the network lifetime problem for upper-tier aggregation and forwarding nodes (AFNs). Existing flow routing solutions proposed for maximizing network lifetime require AFNs to transmit flows to different nodes at the same time, which we call multi-session flow routing solutions. If an AFN is equipped with a single transmitter/receiver pair, a multi-session flow routing solution requires a packet-level power control at the AFN. In this paper, we show that it is possible to achieve the same optimal network lifetime by power control on a much larger timescale with the so-called single-session flow routing solutions. More importantly, we show how to perform optimal single-session flow routing when the bit-rate of composite flows generated by AFNs is time-varying, as long as the average bit-rate can be estimated. These results offer new understanding on energyconstrained flow routing in wireless sensor networks.

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