Energy Conversion and Use in Forests: An Analysis of Forest Production in Terms of Radiation Utilisation Efficiency (ɛ)

The linear relationship between the photosynthetically active solar radiation (PAR) absorbed by forest canopies (APAR) and the production of dry mass by forests provides a simple, robust model with only one parameter for the estimation of forest production. The slope of the relationship is normally denoted ɛ. The ɛ model has been developed from plant production studies and is soundly based physiologically. It has also evolved from remote sensing studies. Although the relationship between APAR and canopy photosynthesis may be highly variable over short periods, it remains constant over longer periods, such as months or seasons.

[1]  R. McMurtrie,et al.  Modifying existing forest growth models to take account of effects of elevated CO2 , 1992 .

[2]  J. Hunt,et al.  Relationship between woody biomass and PAR conversion efficiency for estimating net primary production from NDVI , 1994 .

[3]  S. Running,et al.  Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes, Biome-BGC, and an application for global-scale models. Scaling processes between leaf and landscape levels , 1993 .

[4]  S. Running,et al.  A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications I. Hydrologic balance, canopy gas exchange and primary production processes , 1988 .

[5]  James F. Reynolds,et al.  Modelling photosynthesis of cotton grown in elevated CO2 , 1992 .

[6]  J. Kiniry.  A note of caution concerning the paper by Demetriades-Shah et al. (1992) , 1994 .

[7]  L. Wright,et al.  Comparisons among Populus clones and intensive culture conditions, using an energy-conservation model , 1989 .

[8]  E. Schulze,et al.  Relationships among Maximum Stomatal Conductance, Ecosystem Surface Conductance, Carbon Assimilation Rate, and Plant Nitrogen Nutrition: A Global Ecology Scaling Exercise , 1994 .

[9]  In defense of radiation use efficiency: a response to Demetriades-Shah et al. (1992) , 1994 .

[10]  Thomas F. Eck,et al.  Satellite estimation of incident photosynthetically active radiation using ultraviolet reflectance , 1991 .

[11]  Steven W. Running,et al.  Remote sensing of temperate coniferous forest leaf area index The influence of canopy closure, understory vegetation and background reflectance , 1990 .

[12]  Gérard Dedieu,et al.  Methodology for the estimation of terrestrial net primary production from remotely sensed data , 1994 .

[13]  P. Jarvis,et al.  Par Absorption and Its Relation to Above-Ground Dry Matter Production of Sitka Spruce , 1991 .

[14]  Joe Landsberg,et al.  Physiological ecology of forest production , 1986 .

[15]  Christopher B. Field,et al.  2 – Ecological Scaling of Carbon Gain to Stress and Resource Availability , 1991 .

[16]  S. Wofsy,et al.  Scaling gross ecosystem production at Harvard Forest with remote sensing: a comparison of estimates from a constrained quantum‐use efficiency model and eddy correlation , 1995 .

[17]  P. Sellers.  Canopy reflectance, photosynthesis and transpiration , 1985 .

[18]  C. Field,et al.  Scaling physiological processes: leaf to globe. , 1995 .

[19]  J. Monteith.  Climate and the efficiency of crop production in Britain , 1977 .

[20]  T. Kira,et al.  Structure of forest canopies as related to their primary productivity , 1969 .

[21]  E. Pook.  Canopy dynamics of Eucalyptus maculata Hook. IV. Contrasting responses to two severe droughts. , 1986 .

[22]  K. Vogt.  Carbon budgets of temperate forest ecosystems. , 1991, Tree physiology.

[23]  N. Baker,et al.  Crop photosynthesis : spatial and temporal determinants , 1992 .

[24]  Ross E. McMurtrie,et al.  Modelling the yield of Pinus radiata on a site limited by water and nitrogen , 1990 .

[25]  P. West,et al.  Growth response to thinning and its relation to site resources in Eucalyptusregnans , 1995 .

[26]  S. Linder,et al.  Canopy dynamics and growth of Pinusradiata.: I. Effects of irrigation and fertilization during a drought , 1987 .

[27]  S. Running,et al.  8 – Generalization of a Forest Ecosystem Process Model for Other Biomes, BIOME-BGC, and an Application for Global-Scale Models , 1993 .

[28]  S. Goward,et al.  Evaluating North American net primary productivity with satellite observations , 1987 .

[29]  S. Prince.  Satellite remote sensing of primary production: comparison of results for Sahelian grasslands 1981-1988 , 1991 .

[30]  John L. Monteith,et al.  Vegetation and the atmosphere , 1975 .

[31]  J. Muller,et al.  Terrestrial remote sensing science and algorithms planned for EOS/MODIS , 1994 .

[32]  D. A. King,et al.  Modelling forest response to increasing CO2 concentration under nutrient-limited conditions , 1994 .

[33]  P. Biscoe,et al.  Radiation absorption, growth and yield of cereals , 1978, The Journal of Agricultural Science.

[34]  R. Teskey,et al.  Internal and external control of net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of mature eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) , 1992 .

[35]  Compton J. Tucker,et al.  Satellite remote sensing of total herbaceous biomass production in the Senegalese Sahel - 1980-1984 , 1985 .

[36]  C. Field,et al.  A reanalysis using improved leaf models and a new canopy integration scheme , 1992 .

[37]  G. F. Byrne,et al.  The relationship of above-ground dry matter accumulation by Pinus radiata to intercepted solar radiation and soil water status , 1986 .

[38]  R. McMurtrie,et al.  Modelling canopy photosynthetic productivity , 1992 .

[39]  Richard H. Waring,et al.  Ecological Remote Sensing at OTTER: Satellite Macroscale Observations , 1994 .

[40]  M. Cannell,et al.  Light Use Efficiency and Woody Biomass Production of Poplar and Willow , 1988 .

[41]  P. Gong,et al.  Remote Sensing of Seasonal Leaf Area Index Across the Oregon Transect , 1994 .

[42]  Steven W. Running,et al.  Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group 5-1994 Testing Forest-BGC Ecosystem Process Simulations Across a Climatic Gradient in Oregon , 2018 .

[43]  C. J. Stigter,et al.  The Conservative Ratio of Photosynthetically Active to Total Radiation in the Tropics , 1982 .

[44]  R. Waring,et al.  Variation in foliar δ13C values within the crowns of Pinus radiata trees , 1994 .

[45]  S. Running,et al.  Developing Satellite-derived Estimates of Surface Moisture Status , 1993 .

[46]  J. Monteith.  2 – DOES LIGHT LIMIT CROP PRODUCTION? , 1981 .

[47]  Richard H. Waring,et al.  Maintenance Respiration and Stand Development in a Subalpine Lodgepole Pine Forest , 1992 .

[48]  S. Running,et al.  Simulated dry matter yields for aspen and spruce stands in the North American boreal forest , 1992 .

[49]  Samuel N. Goward,et al.  Global biospheric monitoring with remote sensing , 1997 .

[50]  Paul G. Jarvis,et al.  Description and validation of an array model - MAESTRO. , 1990 .

[51]  B. Myers.  Water stress integral-a link between short-term stress and long-term growth. , 1988, Tree physiology.

[52]  Richard H. Waring,et al.  Environmental Limits on Net Primary Production and Light‐Use Efficiency Across the Oregon Transect , 1994 .

[53]  R. McMurtrie,et al.  Long-Term Response of Nutrient-Limited Forests to CO"2 Enrichment; Equilibrium Behavior of Plant-Soil Models. , 1993, Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.

[54]  C. Tucker.  Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation , 1979 .

[55]  Soybean Radiation-Use Efficiency as Influenced by Nonuniform Specific Leaf Nitrogen Distribution and Diffuse Radiation , 1993 .

[56]  G. Russell,et al.  Plant Canopies: Their Growth, Form and Function: Absorption of radiation by canopies and stand growth , 1989 .

[57]  R. Waring,et al.  The normalized difference vegetation index of small Douglas-fir canopies with varying chlorophyll concentrations , 1994 .

[58]  R. J. Raison,et al.  The Biology of Forest Growth experiment: linking water and nitrogen availability to the growth of Pinus radiata , 1992 .

[59]  Gordon B. Bonan,et al.  Importance of leaf area index and forest type when estimating photosynthesis in boreal forests , 1993 .

[60]  E. Rastetter,et al.  Potential Net Primary Productivity in South America: Application of a Global Model. , 1991, Ecological applications : a publication of the Ecological Society of America.

[61]  S. Running,et al.  FOREST-BGC, A general model of forest ecosystem processes for regional applications. II. Dynamic carbon allocation and nitrogen budgets. , 1991, Tree physiology.

[62]  Ramakrishna R. Nemani,et al.  Extrapolation of synoptic meteorological data in mountainous terrain and its use for simulating forest evapotranspiration and photosynthesis , 1987 .

[63]  S. Prince.  A model of regional primary production for use with coarse resolution satellite data , 1991 .

[64]  J. Saldarriaga,et al.  LONG-TERM CHRONOSEQUENCE OF FOREST SUCCESSION IN THE UPPER RIO NEGRO OF COLOMBIA AND VENEZUELA , 1988 .

[65]  E. T. Kanemasu,et al.  A note of caution concerning the relationship between cumulated intercepted solar radiation and crop growth , 1992 .

[66]  Harold A. Mooney,et al.  Responses of Plants to Multiple Stresses , 1993 .

[67]  Jennifer L. Dungan,et al.  Seasonal LAI in slash pine estimated with landsat TM , 1992 .

[68]  Takeshi Horie,et al.  Leaf Nitrogen, Photosynthesis, and Crop Radiation Use Efficiency: A Review , 1989 .

[69]  John Philip Cooper,et al.  Photosynthesis and productivity in different environments , 1976 .

[70]  J. Etherington,et al.  Physiological Plant Ecology. , 1977 .

[71]  S. Running,et al.  Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group 12-1988 Rapid Estimation of Coniferous Forest Leaf Area Index Using a Portable Integrating Radiometer , 2018 .

[72]  M. Cannell,et al.  Radiation Interception and Productivity of Willow , 1987 .

[73]  J. Saldarriaga,et al.  Solar energy conversion efficiencies during succession of a tropical rain forest in Amazonia , 1991, Journal of Tropical Ecology.

[74]  F. Hall,et al.  Use of narrow-band spectra to estimate the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation , 1990 .

[75]  S. Running,et al.  The seasonality of AVHRR data of temperate coniferous forests - Relationship with leaf area index , 1990 .

[76]  J. Landsberg.  Crop physiology of forest trees , 1987 .

[77]  Henry L. Gholz,et al.  Climatic factors controlling the productivity of pine stands: a model-based analysis , 1994 .

[78]  P. G. Jarvis,et al.  Productivity of temperate de-ciduous and evergreen forests , 1983 .

[79]  Terry V. Callaghan,et al.  Effects on Ecosystems , 1992, Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics.

[80]  H. Smith,et al.  Plants and the daylight spectrum. , 1981 .

[81]  A. McGuire,et al.  Global climate change and terrestrial net primary production , 1993, Nature.

[82]  D. Charles-Edwards,et al.  Physiological Determinants of Crop Growth. , 1986 .

[83]  M. Fuchs,et al.  Further discussions on the relationship between cumulated intercepted solar radiation and crop growth , 1994 .

[84]  Graham Russell,et al.  Plant Canopies: Their Growth, Form and Function: Contents , 1989 .

[85]  S. Goward,et al.  Global Primary Production: A Remote Sensing Approach , 1995 .

[86]  Knute J. Nadelhoffer,et al.  Belowground Carbon Allocation in Forest Ecosystems: Global Trends , 1989 .

[87]  S. Goward,et al.  Vegetation canopy PAR absorptance and the normalized difference vegetation index - An assessment using the SAIL model , 1992 .

[88]  J. L. Monteith,et al.  Validity of the correlation between intercepted radiation and biomass , 1994 .

[89]  W. Ruhland.  Encyclopedia of plant physiology. , 1958 .

[90]  J. Landsberg.  Responses of Lucerne to Different Soil Moisture Regimes , 1967, Experimental Agriculture.

[91]  S. Goward,et al.  Visible-near infrared spectral reflectance of landscape components in western Oregon , 1994 .

[92]  J. Aber,et al.  Fine Roots, Net Primary Production, and Soil Nitrogen Availability: A New Hypothesis , 1985 .

[93]  J. Randerson,et al.  Terrestrial ecosystem production: A process model based on global satellite and surface data , 1993 .

[94]  D. Lawlor,et al.  The effects of drought on barley growth: models and measurements showing the relative importance of leaf area and photosynthetic rate , 1979, The Journal of Agricultural Science.