Excited state absorption: a key phenomenon for the improvement of biphotonic based optical limiting at telecommunication wavelengths.

Spectroscopic properties, two-photon absorption (TPA) and excited state absorption (ESA), of two organic cyanine dyes and of a ruthenium based organometallic cyanine are compared in order to rationalize their similar ns-optical power limiting (OPL) efficiency in the telecommunication wavelength range. The TPA contribution to the ns-OPL behavior is higher for both organic cyanines, while the main process is a TPA-induced ESA in the case of the organometallic system, in which the ruthenium induces a broadening of the NIR-ESA band and resulting in a strong spectral overlap between TPA and ESA spectra.

[1]  Daniel Rauh,et al.  A "cyanine-cyanine" salt exhibiting photovoltaic properties. , 2009, Organic letters.

[2]  Dongho Kim,et al.  A quadruply azulene-fused porphyrin with intense near-IR absorption and a large two-photon absorption cross section. , 2006, Angewandte Chemie.

[3]  Brigitte Loiseaux,et al.  Near IR Nonlinear Absorbing Chromophores with Optical Limiting Properties at Telecommunication Wavelengths , 2007 .

[4]  J. Bhawalkar,et al.  Three-photon induced upconverted fluorescence from an organic compound : application to optical power limiting , 1995 .

[5]  Kamjou Mansour,et al.  Nonlinear optical properties of carbon-black suspensions (ink) , 1992 .

[6]  J. Saillard,et al.  C7 and C9 carbon-rich bridges in diruthenium systems: synthesis, spectroscopic, and theoretical investigations of different oxidation States. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[7]  François Hache,et al.  Picosecond and nanosecond polychromatic pump–probe studies of bubble growth in carbon-nanotube suspensions , 2002 .

[8]  Jason E. Riggs,et al.  Optical Limiting Properties of [60]Fullerene Derivatives , 1997 .

[9]  Chantal Andraud,et al.  Stable near-infrared anionic polymethine dyes: structure, photophysical, and redox properties. , 2008, Organic letters.

[10]  M. Nakano,et al.  Strong two-photon absorption of singlet diradical hydrocarbons. , 2007, Angewandte Chemie.

[11]  P. Prasad,et al.  A novel near IR two-photon absorbing chromophore: Optical limiting and stabilization performances at an optical communication wavelength , 2009 .

[12]  Wai-Yeung Wong,et al.  Organometallic acetylides of Pt(II), Au(I) and Hg(II) as new generation optical power limiting materials. , 2011, Chemical Society reviews.

[13]  E. V. Van Stryland,et al.  Nonlinear optical beam propagation for optical limiting. , 1999, Applied optics.

[14]  J. Perry,et al.  Two-photon absorption and broadband optical limiting with bis-donor stilbenes. , 1997, Optics letters.

[15]  K. Schanze,et al.  Donor–Acceptor–Donor-based π-Conjugated Oligomers for Nonlinear Optics and Near-IR Emission , 2011 .

[16]  Dongho Kim,et al.  Relationship between two-photon absorption and the pi-conjugation pathway in porphyrin arrays through dihedral angle control. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[17]  Ruthenium(II) complexes for two-photon absorption-based optical power limiting. , 2008, Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry.

[18]  M. Drobizhev,et al.  Describing two-photon absorptivity of fluorescent proteins with a new vibronic coupling mechanism. , 2012, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[19]  A. Painelli,et al.  Essential-State Model for Polymethine Dyes: Symmetry Breaking and Optical Spectra , 2010 .

[20]  Dongho Kim,et al.  Photophysics of meso-beta doubly linked Ni(II) porphyrin arrays: large two-photon absorption cross-section and fast energy relaxation dynamics. , 2007, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[21]  M. V. Bondar,et al.  Molecular structure—two-photon absorption property relations in polymethine dyes , 2007 .

[22]  Chantal Andraud,et al.  Dendron-decorated cyanine dyes for optical limiting applications in the range of telecommunication wavelengths , 2009 .

[23]  E. V. Van Stryland,et al.  Efficient two-photon absorbing acceptor-pi-acceptor polymethine dyes. , 2010, The journal of physical chemistry. A.

[24]  M. Nakano,et al.  Singlet Diradical Character from Experiment , 2010 .

[25]  Dongho Kim,et al.  Charge transfer induced enhancement of near-IR two-photon absorption of 5,15-bis(azulenylethynyl) zinc(II) porphyrins. , 2007, Chemical communications.

[26]  P. Prasad,et al.  Multiphoton absorbing materials: molecular designs, characterizations, and applications. , 2008, Chemical Reviews.

[27]  M. Hanack,et al.  Phthalocyanines as Active Materials for Optical Limiting , 2001 .

[28]  Jie Fu,et al.  Two-photon absorption at telecommunications wavelengths in a dipolar chromophore with a pyrrole auxiliary donor and thiazole auxiliary acceptor. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[29]  J. Bhawalkar,et al.  Three-photon-absorption-induced fluorescence and optical limiting effects in an organic compound. , 1995, Optics letters.

[30]  S. Barlow,et al.  Linear and nonlinear spectroscopy of a porphyrin-squaraine-porphyrin conjugated system. , 2009, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[31]  M. Silly,et al.  Optical limiting in the red–NIR range with soluble two-photon absorbing molecules , 2003 .

[32]  Myoungsik Cha,et al.  Enhanced nonlinear absorption and optical limiting in semiconducting polymer/methanofullerene charge transfer films , 1995 .

[33]  Patrice L. Baldeck,et al.  Two-photon absorption and optical power limiting of bifluorene molecule , 2001 .

[34]  P. Feneyrou,et al.  Two‐Photon Absorption‐Related Properties of Functionalized BODIPY Dyes in the Infrared Range up to Telecommunication Wavelengths , 2009 .

[35]  J. Perry,et al.  Porphyrin dimer carbocations with strong near infrared absorption and third-order optical nonlinearity. , 2008, Angewandte Chemie.

[36]  J. Perry,et al.  Metalloporphyrin polymer with temporally agile, broadband nonlinear absorption for optical limiting in the near infrared. , 2009, Optics express.

[37]  D. Guldi,et al.  Subphthalocyanine-polymethine cyanine conjugate: an all organic panchromatic light harvester that reveals charge transfer , 2011 .

[38]  M. V. Bondar,et al.  Comparison of nonlinear absorption in three similar dyes: Polymethine, squaraine and tetraone , 2008 .

[39]  J. Perry,et al.  Extended squaraine dyes with large two-photon absorption cross-sections. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[40]  E. W. Stryland,et al.  Sensitive Measurement of Optical Nonlinearities Using a Single Beam Special 30th Anniversary Feature , 1990 .

[41]  Koji Ohta,et al.  Two-photon-absorption-induced accumulated thermal effect on femtosecond Z-scan experiments studied with time-resolved thermal-lens spectrometry and its simulation , 2003 .

[42]  Yuriy Stepanenko,et al.  Strong cooperative enhancement of two-photon absorption in double-strand conjugated porphyrin ladder arrays. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[43]  C. Spangler.  Recent development in the design of organic materials for optical power limiting , 1999 .

[44]  Chantal Andraud,et al.  Continuous symmetry breaking induced by ion pairing effect in heptamethine cyanine dyes: beyond the cyanine limit. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[45]  Craig J. Hawker,et al.  Click chemistry for photonic applications: triazole-functionalized platinum(II) acetylides for optical power limiting , 2008 .

[46]  S. Barlow,et al.  Synthesis and two-photon spectrum of a bis(porphyrin)-substituted squaraine. , 2009, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[47]  Patrice L. Baldeck,et al.  Optical limiting in the visible range: molecular engineering around N4,N4′-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-N4,N4′-diphenyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl , 2003 .

[48]  A. Jen,et al.  Two-Photon Absorption in Quadrupolar Bis(acceptor)-Terminated Chromophores with Electron-Rich Bis(heterocycle)vinylene Bridges , 2007 .