The Evolution and Dynamics of Intraspecific Predation

Intraspecific predation, the process of both killing and eating an individual of the same species, is a significant and widespread process that until recently has not received the attention it merits. It is a major factor in the biology of many species and may influence population structure, life history, competition for mates and resources, and behavior. It is commonly observed among many animals: For this review I read over 900 papers describing such predation in about 1300 species. Laurel Fox's 1975 review of cannibalism (54) should be read for additional information. Here I attempt to present new or different data, references, and ideas. One of my purposes is to establish a theoretical framework for the organization and interpretation of the numerous observations of intraspecific predation. Certain topics included here are speculation intended to spark interest and indicate important problems that need further research. Because of page limitations many appropriate and important citations are not cited here but may be found elsewhere as indicated by "& incl. refs."

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