ESO for Multiple Load Cases and Multiple Support Environments

Many structures are subjected to different load cases at different times, and some structures are held or supported in different ways at different times. The former is referred to as structures with multiple load cases, and the later multiple support environments. The ESO procedures for the optimal design of structures with multiple load cases and multiple support environments are the topics of this chapter. Original research on these topics was first reported by Xie and Steven (1994) and Steven et al. (1995).