The Scanning Electron Microscope in Geomorphology

The scanning electron microscope has developed into one of the most ubiquitous analytical machines available in a geomorphological laboratory. Its main advantages are that it provides very high magnification (up to 100. 000×) images and can be associated with chemical, bolt-on, and analytical tools. The widespread application of the electron microscope includes environmental reconstruction, soil fabric studies, weathering investigations, and more recently it has been used in geoforensic analysis. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.