Real-Time Monitoring of Distribution System Based on State Estimation

The development of the smart grid requires new monitoring systems able to support automation functionalities to control distributed energy resources. A real-time distribution system state estimator (DSSE) integrated with bad data processor is presented in this paper as a key element of the monitoring system. The developed DSSE is optimized for real-time applications, particularly, for computational efficiency, numerical stability, and robustness against measurements with large error. The DSSE is localized within an automation platform, which performs monitoring and control at substation level, from which the requirements for monitoring are derived. DSSEs located in different automation platform may be coordinated through multiarea algorithms, improving solution's time efficiency and robustness, but maintaining acceptable accuracy levels. The performance of real-time DSSE, both for single and multiarea is analyzed and discussed by means of real-time simulations performed in distribution medium voltage and low voltage networks.