DNA double strand break repair in mammalian cells.

Human cells can process DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by either homology directed or non-homologous repair pathways. Defects in components of DSB repair pathways are associated with a predisposition to cancer. The products of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which normally confer protection against breast cancer, are involved in homology-directed DSB repair. Defects in another homology-directed pathway, single-strand annealing, are associated with genome instability and cancer predisposition in the Nijmegen breakage syndrome and a radiation-sensitive ataxia-telangiectasia-like syndrome. Many DSB repair proteins also participate in the signaling pathways which underlie the cell's response to DSBs.

[1]  B. Ponder,et al.  Involvement of Brca2 in DNA repair. , 1998, Molecular cell.

[2]  J. Haber,et al.  Two alternative pathways of double-strand break repair that are kinetically separable and independently modulated , 1992, Molecular and cellular biology.

[3]  S. Jackson,et al.  DNA end-joining: from yeast to man. , 1998, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[4]  B. Koller,et al.  BRCA1 required for transcription-coupled repair of oxidative DNA damage. , 1998, Science.

[5]  Y. Shiloh,et al.  Interaction between ATM protein and c-Abl in response to DNA damage , 1997, Nature.

[6]  M. Jasin,et al.  Double-strand break repair by interchromosomal recombination: suppression of chromosomal translocations. , 1998, Genes & development.

[7]  D. J. Chen,et al.  Regulation of double-strand break-induced mammalian homologous recombination by UBL1, a RAD51-interacting protein. , 2000, Nucleic acids research.

[8]  S. West,et al.  Binding of double-strand breaks in DNA by human Rad52 protein , 1999, Nature.

[9]  J. Haber,et al.  Role of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Msh2 and Msh3 repair proteins in double-strand break-induced recombination. , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  J. Hoeijmakers,et al.  Disruption of Mouse RAD54 Reduces Ionizing Radiation Resistance and Homologous Recombination , 1997, Cell.

[11]  P. Baumann,et al.  Synergistic actions of Rad51 and Rad52 in recombination and DNA repair , 1998, Nature.

[12]  Y. Yamaguchi-Iwai,et al.  Homologous recombination and non‐homologous end‐joining pathways of DNA double‐strand break repair have overlapping roles in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity in vertebrate cells , 1998, The EMBO journal.

[13]  S. Kowalczykowski,et al.  Rad52 protein stimulates DNA strand exchange by Rad51 and replication protein A , 1998, Nature.

[14]  P. Baumann,et al.  Role of the human RAD51 protein in homologous recombination and double-stranded-break repair. , 1998, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[15]  T. Paull,et al.  Nbs1 potentiates ATP-driven DNA unwinding and endonuclease cleavage by the Mre11/Rad50 complex. , 1999, Genes & development.

[16]  J. Haber DNA recombination: the replication connection. , 1999, Trends in biochemical sciences.

[17]  Yuko Yamaguchi-Iwai,et al.  Sister Chromatid Exchanges Are Mediated by Homologous Recombination in Vertebrate Cells , 1999, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[18]  J. Hoeijmakers,et al.  Mouse Rad54 affects DNA conformation and DNA-damage-induced Rad51 foci formation , 1999, Current Biology.

[19]  S. Jackson,et al.  The DNA-dependent protein kinase , 1999 .

[20]  M. Gellert,et al.  DNA binding of Xrcc4 protein is associated with V(D)J recombination but not with stimulation of DNA ligase IV activity , 1999, The EMBO journal.

[21]  B. Morolli,et al.  Targeted Inactivation of Mouse RAD52Reduces Homologous Recombination but Not Resistance to Ionizing Radiation , 1998, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[22]  Rachel E. Klevit,et al.  Structure of a BRCA1–BARD1 heterodimeric RING–RING complex , 2001, Nature Structural Biology.

[23]  H. Saitoh,et al.  Functional Heterogeneity of Small Ubiquitin-related Protein Modifiers SUMO-1 versus SUMO-2/3* , 2000, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[24]  S. E. Lee,et al.  Evidence for DNA-PK-dependent and -independent DNA double-strand break repair pathways in mammalian cells as a function of the cell cycle , 1997, Molecular and cellular biology.

[25]  F. Alt,et al.  Late embryonic lethality and impaired V (D)J recombination in mice lacking DNA ligase IV , 1998, Nature.

[26]  J. Haber,et al.  Separation-of-Function Mutations inSaccharomyces cerevisiae MSH2 That Confer Mismatch Repair Defects but Do Not Affect Nonhomologous-Tail Removal during Recombination , 1999, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[27]  K. Kohn,et al.  X-ray induced DNA double strand break production and repair in mammalian cells as measured by neutral filter elution. , 1979, Nucleic acids research.

[28]  S. Elledge,et al.  Requirement of ATM-dependent phosphorylation of brca1 in the DNA damage response to double-strand breaks. , 1999, Science.

[29]  P. Jeggo,et al.  The C Terminus of Ku80 Activates the DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Catalytic Subunit , 1999, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[30]  D. Barnes,et al.  Targeted disruption of the gene encoding DNA ligase IV leads to lethality in embryonic mice , 1998, Current Biology.

[31]  L. Thompson,et al.  XRCC3 promotes homology-directed repair of DNA damage in mammalian cells. , 1999, Genes & development.

[32]  J. Lamerdin,et al.  XRCC2 and XRCC3, new human Rad51-family members, promote chromosome stability and protect against DNA cross-links and other damages. , 1998, Molecular cell.

[33]  T. Ohta,et al.  The RING Heterodimer BRCA1-BARD1 Is a Ubiquitin Ligase Inactivated by a Breast Cancer-derived Mutation* , 2001, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[34]  P. Jeggo,et al.  Identification of a defect in DNA ligase IV in a radiosensitive leukaemia patient , 1999, Current Biology.

[35]  V. Godfrey,et al.  Growth Retardation, DNA Repair Defects, and Lack of Spermatogenesis in BRCA1-Deficient Mice , 1999, Molecular and Cellular Biology.

[36]  A. Bradley,et al.  Disruption of mRad50 causes embryonic stem cell lethality, abnormal embryonic development, and sensitivity to ionizing radiation. , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[37]  A. Bowcock,et al.  The C-terminal (BRCT) Domains of BRCA1 Interact in Vivo with CtIP, a Protein Implicated in the CtBP Pathway of Transcriptional Repression* , 1998, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[38]  Phang-lang Chen,et al.  The Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome Protein Is Essential for Mre11 Phosphorylation upon DNA Damage* , 1999, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[39]  J. Haber,et al.  Two pathways for removal of nonhomologous DNA ends during double-strand break repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , 1997, Molecular and cellular biology.

[40]  C. Wang,et al.  Association of BRCA1 with the hRad50-hMre11-p95 complex and the DNA damage response. , 1999, Science.

[41]  J. Haber,et al.  Multiple Pathways of Recombination Induced by Double-Strand Breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , 1999, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.

[42]  R. Kornberg,et al.  Structure of DNA‐dependent protein kinase: implications for its regulation by DNA , 1999, The EMBO journal.

[43]  John R Yates,et al.  The hMre11/hRad50 Protein Complex and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome: Linkage of Double-Strand Break Repair to the Cellular DNA Damage Response , 1998, Cell.

[44]  T. Stankovic,et al.  The DNA Double-Strand Break Repair Gene hMRE11 Is Mutated in Individuals with an Ataxia-Telangiectasia-like Disorder , 1999, Cell.

[45]  F. Alt,et al.  A Critical Role for DNA End-Joining Proteins in Both Lymphogenesis and Neurogenesis , 1998, Cell.

[46]  R. Moyzis,et al.  UBL1, a human ubiquitin-like protein associating with human RAD51/RAD52 proteins. , 1996, Genomics.

[47]  F. Couch,et al.  Stable interaction between the products of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes in mitotic and meiotic cells. , 1998, Molecular cell.

[48]  P. Karran,et al.  DNA Mismatch Repair , 1998 .

[49]  T Yagi,et al.  Mre11 is essential for the maintenance of chromosomal DNA in vertebrate cells , 1999, The EMBO journal.

[50]  D. Baltimore,et al.  Radiation-induced Assembly of Rad51 and Rad52 Recombination Complex Requires ATM and c-Abl* , 1999, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[51]  C. Pickart,et al.  Noncanonical MMS2-Encoded Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme Functions in Assembly of Novel Polyubiquitin Chains for DNA Repair , 1999, Cell.

[52]  P. Jeggo,et al.  DNA-dependent protein kinase is not required for the p53-dependent response to DNA damage , 1999, Nature.

[53]  K. Sperling,et al.  Nijmegen breakage syndrome: consequences of defective DNA double strand break repair , 1999, BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology.

[54]  B. Koller,et al.  Brca1 controls homology-directed DNA repair. , 1999, Molecular cell.

[55]  J. Mornon,et al.  From BRCA1 to RAP1: a widespread BRCT module closely associated with DNA repair , 1997, FEBS letters.

[56]  Anne M. Bowcock,et al.  Identification of a RING protein that can interact in vivo with the BRCA1 gene product , 1996, Nature Genetics.

[57]  P. Hasty,et al.  A mutation in mouse rad51 results in an early embryonic lethal that is suppressed by a mutation in p53 , 1996, Molecular and cellular biology.