Coherent Interferometry in Finely Layered Random Media

We study broadband, coherent interferometric array imaging (CINT) in finely lay- ered media in a regime with strong fluctuations. By coherent interferometric imaging we mean the backpropagation of time-windowed cross correlations of the array data. For waves propagating over long distances, there is statistical stabilization of the traces observed at the array. They have the form of a coherent signal that can be described by the O'Doherty-Anstey (ODA) theory, followed by long and noisy codas. We show that coherent interferometry exploits the time coherence in the data, leading to stable images. Moreover, we prove that in this regime only the ODA behavior plays a role in the imaging, and we quantify explicitly the resolution of CINT in terms of this time coherence and the array aperture. We illustrate the theory with numerical simulations.

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