Optimizing the external optical cavity parameters for performance improvement of a fiber grating Fabry–Perot laser

The effects of the external optical cavity parameters (external optical cavity length (Lext), amplitude coupling (Co) and anti-reflection coating (ARC) reflectivity coefficients) on the noise and modulation spectra of a fiber grating Fabry–Perot laser are numerically analyzed for designing a laser that operates in strong feedback regime (Regime V). Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is used as a wavelength selective element to control the properties of the laser output by controlling the external optical feedback (OFB) level. The study is performed by modifying a set of rate equations that are solved by considering the effects of external OFB and ambient temperature (T) variations. We proposed a model to calculate the temperature dependence (TD) of laser characteristics according to the TD of laser parameters. An accurate analytical expression for the TD of threshold carrier density (Nth,fe) has been derived. The TD of Nth,fe was calculated according to the TD of laser cavity parameters instead of using well-known empirical Pankove relationship via the use of characteristics temperature (To) and current (Io). Results show that the optimum external fiber length (Lext) is 3.1 cm. Also, it is shown that ARC with reflectivity value of 1 × 10−2 is sufficient for the laser to operate at low noise, good modulation response, and low fabrication complexity.

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