Modelling concentrated solar power (CSP) in the Brazilian energy system: A soft-linked model coupling approach

Brazil is looking for innovative alternatives to supply the country's increasing electricity demand and provide flexibility to cope with higher shares of variable renewable energy (VRE). Concentrated solar power (CSP) can help solving this double challenge. Three energy planning tools, namely MESSAGE-Brazil, TIMES-TiPs-B and REMIX-CEM-B, have been combined to analyze the opportunities that CSP plants offer to the power system and to the wider energy system of the country. This work shows that CSP can be a cost-effective option under stringent mitigation scenarios. CSP can provide firm energy and dispatchable capacity in the Northeast region of Brazil, optimally complementing wind and PV generations. Moreover, CSP can offer additional flexibility to the Northeast power system of the country, especially during winter, when the hydrological period is dryer. Results show synergies between CSP and other power supply technologies with small cost differences between the baseline and CSP-forced scenarios.

[1]  Filip Johnsson,et al.  A modelling strategy for energy, carbon, and cost assessments of building stocks , 2013 .

[2]  Mats-Olov Olsson,et al.  Systems Approaches and Their Application: Examples from Sweden , 2006 .

[3]  R. Schaeffer,et al.  The Vulnerable Amazon: The Impact of Climate Change on the Untapped Potential of Hydropower Systems , 2013, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[4]  Keywan Riahi,et al.  Impacts of considering electric sector variability and reliability in the MESSAGE model , 2013 .

[5]  Brasil. Ministério de Minas e Energia . Empresa de Pesquis Energética.  Plano Nacional de Energia 2030 , 2007 .

[6]  Hannele Holttinen,et al.  Estimating the impacts of wind power on power systems—summary of IEA Wind collaboration , 2008 .

[7]  Thomas Huld,et al.  Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation: Direct Solar Energy , 2011 .

[8]  Jan Fabian Feldhoff,et al.  Comparative system analysis of direct steam generation and synthetic oil parabolic trough power plants with integrated thermal storage , 2012 .

[9]  Aymeric Girard,et al.  2050 LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy) projection for a hybrid PV (photovoltaic)-CSP (concentrated solar power) plant in the Atacama Desert, Chile , 2016 .

[10]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  An evaluation of the techno-economic potential of co-firing coal with woody biomass in thermal power plants in the south of Brazil , 2012 .

[11]  Paul W. Stackhouse,et al.  Modeling the potential for thermal concentrating solar power technologies , 2010 .

[12]  Luisa F. Cabeza,et al.  Overview of thermal energy storage (TES) potential energy savings and climate change mitigation in Spain and Europe , 2011 .

[13]  Jan Degrève,et al.  Powder attrition in gas fluidized beds , 2016 .

[14]  Huili Zhang,et al.  Thermal energy storage: Recent developments and practical aspects , 2016 .

[15]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as a way to maximize the integration of variable renewable energy in power systems: The case of wind generation in northeastern Brazil , 2012 .

[16]  Abdallah Khellaf,et al.  A review of studies on central receiver solar thermal power plants , 2013 .

[17]  Roberto Schaeffer,et al.  Critical technologies for sustainable energy development in Brazil: technological foresight based on scenario modelling , 2016 .

[18]  Aie,et al.  World Energy Outlook 2013 , 2013 .

[19]  Stuart White,et al.  Concentrated solar power hybrid plants, which technologies are best suited for hybridisation? , 2013 .

[20]  Massimo Moser.  Combined electricity and water production based on solar energy , 2015 .

[21]  Rhys Jacob,et al.  Review on concentrating solar power plants and new developments in high temperature thermal energy storage technologies , 2016 .

[22]  María José Montes,et al.  Performance analysis of an Integrated Solar Combined Cycle using Direct Steam Generation in parabolic trough collectors , 2011 .

[23]  A. Tuohy,et al.  Experience From Wind Integration in Some High Penetration Areas , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[24]  Prashant Baredar,et al.  Concentrated solar power technology in India: A review , 2016 .

[25]  Brian Vad Mathiesen,et al.  A review of computer tools for analysing the integration of renewable energy into various energy systems , 2010 .

[26]  Yiping Dai,et al.  Capacity allocation of a hybrid energy storage system for power system peak shaving at high wind power penetration level , 2015 .

[27]  Angelo Costa Gurgel,et al.  Climate Policy Scenarios in Brazil: a Multi-Model Comparison for Energy , 2016 .

[28]  Nadia Maïzi,et al.  Impacts of intermittent sources on the quality of power supply: The key role of reliability indicators , 2014 .

[29]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Economic analysis under uncertainty of coal fired capture-ready power plants , 2013 .

[30]  Ana Estanqueiro,et al.  Summary of experiences and studies for wind integration: IEA Wind Task 25 , 2013 .

[31]  H. Schmitz.  Who drives climate-relevant policies in the rising powers? , 2017 .

[32]  G. S. Miguel,et al.  Environmental analysis of a Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plant hybridised with different fossil and renewable fuels , 2015 .

[33]  Andy Skumanich.  CSP: Developments in heat transfer and storage materials , 2010 .

[34]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Potential and impacts of Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) integration in the Brazilian electric power system , 2014 .

[35]  Danny Pudjianto,et al.  Application of storage and Demand Side Management to optimise existing network capacity , 2009 .

[36]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Least-cost adaptation options for global climate change impacts on the Brazilian electric power system , 2010 .

[37]  Aie,et al.  World Energy Outlook 2011 , 2001 .

[38]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Hybrid concentrated solar power (CSP)–biomass plants in a semiarid region: A strategy for CSP deployment in Brazil , 2015 .

[39]  Stuart White,et al.  Hybridisation optimization of concentrating solar thermal and biomass power generation facilities , 2014 .

[40]  J. M. Figueiredo,et al.  REVEGETATION OF DEGRADED CAATINGA SITES , 2012 .

[41]  Christoph Schillings,et al.  Validation of a method for deriving high resolution direct normal irradiance from satellite data and application for the Arabian Peninsula , 2004 .

[42]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Possible energy futures for Brazil and Latin America in conservative and stringent mitigation pathways up to 2050 , 2015 .

[43]  Nadia Maïzi,et al.  Increasing shares of intermittent sources in Reunion Island: Impacts on the future reliability of power supply , 2015 .

[44]  L. Cabeza,et al.  Review of technology: Thermochemical energy storage for concentrated solar power plants , 2016 .

[45]  da Silva,et al.  Value of flexibility in systems with large wind penetration , 2010 .

[46]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Assessing incentive policies for integrating centralized solar power generation in the Brazilian electric power system , 2013 .

[47]  Klaus Görner,et al.  Boosting power output of a sugarcane bagasse cogeneration plant using parabolic trough collectors in a feedwater heating scheme , 2015 .

[48]  Tobias Vogel,et al.  Thermodynamic and economic evaluation of a solar aided sugarcane bagasse cogeneration power plant , 2016 .

[49]  Wouter Nijs,et al.  Addressing flexibility in energy system models , 2015 .

[50]  Geoffrey Rothwell,et al.  Why is Brazil enriching uranium , 2008 .

[51]  Hasimah Abdul Rahman,et al.  Historical development of concentrating solar power technologies to generate clean electricity efficiently – A review , 2015 .

[52]  C. Schillings,et al.  Operational method for deriving high resolution direct normal irradiance from satellite data , 2004 .

[53]  H. Rogner,et al.  Incorporating flexibility requirements into long-term energy system models – A case study on high levels of renewable electricity penetration in Ireland , 2014 .

[54]  Danièle Revel,et al.  Renewable energy technologies: cost analysis series , 2012 .

[55]  Shirley Tavares Nunes.  Recuperação de áreas degradadas da Caatinga com as espécies nativas jurema preta (Mimosa tenuiflora) com e sem acúleos e favela ( Cnidoscolus quercifolius) com e sem espinhos , 2012 .

[56]  Zhe Chen,et al.  Dynamic security assessment of Danish power system based on decision trees: Today and tomorrow , 2013, 2013 IEEE Grenoble Conference.

[57]  Aymeric Girard,et al.  Performance of molten salt solar power towers in Chile , 2013 .

[58]  Edward Fuentealba,et al.  2050 LCOE improvement using new molten salts for thermal energy storage in CSP plants , 2016 .

[59]  Ana Flávia Neves Mendes Castro,et al.  POTENCIAL ENERGÉTICO DA MADEIRA DE ESPÉCIES ORIUNDAS DE PLANO DE MANEJO FLORESTAL NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE , 2013 .

[60]  Stuart White,et al.  CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER / ENERGY FROM WASTE HYBRID PLANTS - CREATING SYNERGIES , 2012 .

[61]  Alexandre Szklo,et al.  Will thermal power plants with CCS play a role in Brazil's future electric power generation? , 2014 .

[62]  Nouredine Hadjsaid,et al.  Modelling the impacts of variable renewable sources on the power sector: Reconsidering the typology of energy modelling tools , 2015 .

[63]  Massimo Moser,et al.  Concentrating solar power in a sustainable future electricity mix , 2013, Sustainability Science.

[64]  B. E. D. P. Energética.  Plano Decenal de Expansão de Energia 2026 , 2017 .

[65]  Huili Zhang,et al.  Concentrated solar power plants: Review and design methodology , 2013 .

[66]  Alberício Pereira de Andrade,et al.  REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL DA JUREMA PRETA EM ÁREAS SOB PASTEJO DE BOVINOS , 2006 .

[67]  F. Trieb,et al.  SOLEMI: A New Satellite-Based Service for High-Resolution and Precision Solar Radiation Data for Europe, Africa and Asia , 2003 .

[68]  Daniel J. Gauthier,et al.  Particle circulation loops in solar energy capture and storage: Gas–solid flow and heat transfer considerations , 2016 .

[69]  Christoph Schillings,et al.  Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment (SWERA) , 2004 .

[70]  Sócrattes Martins Araújo de Azevêdo,et al.  CRESCIMENTO DE PLÂNTULAS DE JUREMA PRETA (Mimosa tenuiflora (Wild) Poiret) EM SOLOS DE ÁREAS DEGRADADAS DA CAATINGA , 2013 .

[71]  Brian Ó Gallachóir,et al.  Soft-linking of a power systems model to an energy systems model , 2012 .

[72]  Thomas Bruckner,et al.  Control power provision with power-to-heat plants in systems with high shares of renewable energy sources – An illustrative analysis for Germany based on the use of electric boilers in district heating grids , 2015 .

[73]  Wolf Fichtner,et al.  Energy efficiency in the German residential sector: A bottom-up building-stock-model-based analysis in the context of energy-political targets , 2013 .

[74]  Peter Viebahn,et al.  The potential role of concentrated solar power (CSP) in Africa and Europe - A dynamic assessment of technology development, cost development and life cycle inventories until 2050 , 2011 .

[75]  Reinerus Benders,et al.  The application of power-to-gas, pumped hydro storage and compressed air energy storage in an electricity system at different wind power penetration levels , 2014 .

[76]  Luis F. Ochoa,et al.  Evaluating and planning flexibility in sustainable power systems , 2013, 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[77]  Haoran Zhao,et al.  Review of energy storage system for wind power integration support , 2015 .

[78]  Anna Krook-Riekkola,et al.  Modelling the Swedish residential and service sectors in TIMES: a feasibility study , 2014 .

[79]  Massimo Moser,et al.  Optimized Integration of Renewable Energy Technologies Into Jordan's Power Plant Portfolio , 2014 .

[80]  Tobias Hirsch,et al.  A systematic comparison on power block efficiencies for CSP plants with direct steam generation , 2014 .