Joint optimization of phase diversity and adaptive optics: demonstration of potential.

We study different possibilities to use adaptive optics (AO) and phase diversity (PD) together in a jointly optimized system. The potential of the joint system is demonstrated through numerical simulations. We find that the most significant benefits are obtained from the improved deconvolution of AO-corrected wavefronts and the additional wavefront sensor (WFS) information that reduces the computational demands of PD algorithms. When applied together, it is seen that the image error can be reduced by 20% compared to traditional PD, working with one focused and one defocused camera image, and the computational load is reduced by a factor of 20 compared to a more reliable PD algorithm requiring more camera images. In addition, we find that the system performance can be optimized by adjusting the magnitude of the applied diversity wavefronts.

[1]  Miska Le Louarn,et al.  Improving the performance of a pyramid wavefront sensor with modal sensitivity compensation. , 2008, Applied optics.

[2]  R. Noll.  Zernike polynomials and atmospheric turbulence , 1976 .

[3]  François Roddier.  Adaptive Optics in Astronomy: Theoretical aspects , 1999 .

[4]  Mats G. Lofdahl.  Multi-frame blind deconvolution with linear equality constraints , 2002, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[5]  Francois Roddier,et al.  Adaptive Optics in Astronomy: Imaging through the atmosphere , 2004 .

[6]  Christoph U. Keller,et al.  Evolution of small-scale magnetic fields from combined adaptive optics and phase-diverse speckle imaging , 2000 .

[7]  Mats G. Löfdahl,et al.  Solar Image Restoration By Use Of Multi-frame Blind De-convolution With Multiple Objects And Phase Diversity , 2005 .

[8]  Robert A. Gonsalves.  Sequential Diversity Imaging: Phase Diversity with AO Changes as the Diversities , 2010 .

[9]  C. Vérinaud,et al.  Modelling astronomical adaptive optics – I. The software package caos , 2005 .

[10]  Mats G. Lofdahl,et al.  Diverse phase speckle inversion applied to data from the Swedish 1-meter solar telescope , 2003, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation.

[11]  Mats G. Lofdahl,et al.  High-order aberration compensation with multi-frame blind deconvolution and phase diversity image restoration techniques , 2010, 1007.1236.

[12]  Thierry Fusco,et al.  Calibration and precompensation of noncommon path aberrations for extreme adaptive optics. , 2007, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[13]  J. H. Deville,et al.  Practical issues in wave-front sensing by use of phase diversity. , 2003, Applied optics.

[14]  L M Mugnier,et al.  Noise propagation in wave-front sensing with phase diversity. , 1999, Applied optics.

[15]  Mark W. Smith.  Use of adaptive optics to implement nonquadratic phase diversity imaging , 2004, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[16]  Sergiy Shelyag,et al.  Stokes diagnostics of simulations of magnetoconvection of mixed-polarity quiet-Sun regions , 2005 .

[17]  H. Maître,et al.  Estimation of the adaptive optics long-exposure point-spread function using control loop data , 1997 .

[18]  Robert A. Gonsalves.  Adaptive Optics by Sequential Diversity Imaging , 2002 .

[19]  Robert A. Gonsalves,et al.  Phase Retrieval And Diversity In Adaptive Optics , 1982 .

[20]  M. Sailer,et al.  Speckle reconstruction of photometric data observed with adaptive optics , 2006 .

[21]  Thomas Berkefeld,et al.  Solar adaptive optics , 2007 .

[22]  Christoph U. Keller,et al.  Deconvolution of narrowband solar images using aberrations estimated from phase-diverse imagery , 1999, Optics & Photonics.

[23]  Michael Lloyd-Hart,et al.  Sensing wave-front amplitude and phase with phase diversity. , 2002, Applied optics.

[24]  Mats G. Lofdahl,et al.  Wavefront sensing and image restoration from focused and defocused solar images. , 1994 .

[25]  James R. Fienup,et al.  Joint estimation of object and aberrations by using phase diversity , 1992 .

[26]  L. Mugnier,et al.  Calibration of NAOS and CONICA static aberrations - Application of the phase diversity technique , 2003 .

[27]  E. Peli.  Contrast in complex images. , 1990, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics and image science.

[28]  Mats G. Lofdahl,et al.  Evaluation of phase-diversity techniques for solar-image restoration , 1996 .

[29]  Piet B. W. Schwering,et al.  Time-varying phase diversity turbulence compensation , 2011, Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[30]  Michael C. Roggemann,et al.  Cramér–Rao analysis of phase-diverse wave-front sensing , 1999 .

[31]  Francois Rigaut,et al.  Principles, limitations, and performance of multiconjugate adaptive optics , 2000, Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation.