A New Reactive Current Reference Algorithm for the STATCOM System Based on Cascaded Multilevel Inverters

This paper presents a simple controller integrating a new reactive current reference algorithm for enhancing the transient performance of static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). A multilevel cascaded inverter with separated dc capacitors which is driven by carrier-based pulse width modulation is used to implement the STATCOM. The voltage across each dc-link capacitor is regulated by the rotated switching swapping scheme. In this paper, the STATCOM is controlled to provide both reactive power (VAR) compensation and grid power factor correction at the point of common coupling with a dynamically varying reactive load system. The proposed algorithm enhances the transient performance of the closed-loop system with only proportional controller and minimizes the STATCOM reactive current ripples. STATCOM based on a five-level cascaded inverter is presented in this paper and the performance of the proposed controller is investigated through various simulation studies using MATLAB/Simulink software for both steady state and transient conditions. A laboratory prototype is also developed to verify the simulation results where a good match between simulation and experimental results is achieved.

[1]  Bin Wu,et al.  A general space vector PWM control algorithm for multilevel inverters , 2003, Eighteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2003. APEC '03..

[2]  A.K. Gupta,et al.  A general space vector PWM algorithm for multilevel inverters, including operation in overmodulation range , 2007, IEEE International Conference on Electric Machines and Drives, 2005..

[3]  D.J. Perreault,et al.  Very High Frequency Resonant Boost Converters , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.

[4]  Henry Shu-Hung Chung,et al.  Circuit-level comparison of STATCOM technologies , 2003, IEEE 34th Annual Conference on Power Electronics Specialist, 2003. PESC '03..

[5]  J. Dixon,et al.  Reactive Power Compensation Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review , 2005, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[6]  Brendan Peter McGrath,et al.  Multicarrier PWM strategies for multilevel inverters , 2002, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[7]  Vassilios G. Agelidis,et al.  SHE-PWM cascaded multilevel converter with adjustable DC sources control for STATCOM applications , 2012, Proceedings of The 7th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference.

[8]  Ruth Douglas Miller,et al.  Design and Implementation of an 11-Level Inverter With FACTS Capability for Distributed Energy Systems , 2014, IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics.

[9]  M. R. Qader,et al.  DYNAMIC CONTROLLERS DESIGN FOR STATCOM , 2004 .

[10]  G. Narayanan,et al.  Extension of operation of space vector PWM strategies with low switching frequencies using different overmodulation algorithms , 2002 .

[11]  R. Naderi,et al.  Phase-Shifted Carrier PWM Technique for General Cascaded Inverters , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[12]  V. Agelidis,et al.  Single-carrier sinusoidal PWM-equivalent selective harmonic elimination for a five-level voltage source converter , 2008 .

[13]  A. M. Sharaf,et al.  A novel control scheme for the STATCOM stability enhancement , 2003, 2003 IEEE PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37495).

[14]  G. Bhuvaneswari,et al.  Design, Simulation and Analog Circuit Implementation of a Three-phase Shunt Active Filter using the Icosφ Algorithm , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Power Electronics and Drives Systems.

[15]  Norman Mariun,et al.  Cascaded multilevel inverter based STATCOM with power factor correction feature , 2011, 2011 IEEE Conference on Sustainable Utilization and Development in Engineering and Technology (STUDENT).

[16]  H Fujita,et al.  A dynamic voltage restorer equipped with a high-frequency isolated dc-dc converter , 2009, 2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[17]  Paolo Mattavelli,et al.  An adaptive controller in stationary reference frame for D-statcom in unbalanced operation , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[18]  G. Joos,et al.  A solid state high performance reactive power compensator , 1990, Fifth Annual Proceedings on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.

[19]  M. Takasaki,et al.  A Transformerless D-STATCOM Based on a Multivoltage Cascade Converter Requiring No DC Sources , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[20]  Chien-Hung Liu,et al.  Design of a Self-Tuning PI Controller for a STATCOM Using Particle Swarm Optimization , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[21]  Yuan-Yih Hsu,et al.  A Minimal Harmonic Controller for a STATCOM , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[22]  Wenhua Liu,et al.  Multilevel Optimal Modulation and Dynamic Control Strategies for STATCOMs Using Cascaded Multilevel Inverters , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[23]  N. Zargari,et al.  Hybrid PWM for High-Power Current-Source-Inverter-Fed Drives With Low Switching Frequency , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[24]  H. Akagi,et al.  Control and Performance of a Transformerless Cascade PWM STATCOM With Star Configuration , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[25]  Fernando Botterón,et al.  Digital voltage and current controllers for three-phase PWM inverter for UPS applications , 2001, Conference Record of the 2001 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. 36th IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.01CH37248).

[26]  P. P. Acarnley,et al.  Correction to "Enhanced inverter switching for fast response direct torque control" , 2002 .

[27]  Georgios Konstantinou,et al.  SHE-PWM and optimized DC voltage levels for cascaded multilevel inverters control , 2010, 2010 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA).

[28]  D. J. Adams,et al.  A power line conditioner using cascade multilevel inverters for distribution systems , 1997, IAS '97. Conference Record of the 1997 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-Second IAS Annual Meeting.

[29]  Dong Chen,et al.  Fuzzy-PI-Based Direct-Output-Voltage Control Strategy for the STATCOM Used in Utility Distribution Systems , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[30]  Fang Zheng Peng,et al.  Dynamic performance and control of a static VAr generator using cascade multilevel inverters , 1996, IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting.

[31]  D. Soto,et al.  A comparison of high-power converter topologies for the implementation of FACTS controllers , 2002, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[32]  Yuan-Yih Hsu,et al.  An Analytical Approach to Harmonic Analysis and Controller Design of a STATCOM , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[33]  Hirofumi Akagi,et al.  A 6.6-kV transformerless STATCOM based on a five-level diode-clamped PWM converter: system design and experimentation of a 200-V, 10-kVA laboratory model , 2005 .

[34]  L.M. Tolbert,et al.  Harmonic optimization of multilevel converters using genetic algorithms , 2004, IEEE Power Electronics Letters.

[35]  V. Agelidis,et al.  Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM Control for Cascaded Multilevel Voltage Source Converters: A Generalized Formula , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[36]  Li Shengqing,et al.  The Direct Current Control Method of STATCOM and It's Simulation , 2013, 2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications.

[37]  S. Fukuda,et al.  Application of a sinusoidal internal model to current control of three-phase utility interface converters , 2005 .

[38]  A. Nirmal Kumar,et al.  Cascaded Control of Multilevel Converter based STATCOM for Power System Compensation of Load Variation , 2012 .

[39]  V. Agelidis,et al.  A Five-Level Symmetrically Defined Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM Strategy: Analysis and Experimental Validation , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[40]  Christian Klumpner,et al.  Nine-level SHE-PWM VSC based STATCOM for VAR compensation , 2010, 2010 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy.

[41]  B. Ronner,et al.  Operational experiences of STATCOMs for wind parks , 2009 .

[42]  Bin Wu,et al.  Recent Advances and Industrial Applications of Multilevel Converters , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[43]  Jose Rodriguez,et al.  A vector control technique for medium voltage multilevel inverters , 2001, APEC 2001. Sixteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No.01CH37181).

[44]  Marta Molinas,et al.  StatCom control at wind farms with fixed-speed induction generators under asymmetrical grid faults , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[45]  Haibing Hu,et al.  Comparisons of Space-Vector Modulation and Carrier-Based Modulation of Multilevel Inverter , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.