GHG Emissions Estimation from Household Solid Waste Management in Jakarta, Indonesia

This study defines and compares four scenarios for MSW (municipal solid waste) management: Scenario 1, unsorted waste taken to a landfill (baseline scenario); Scenario 2, sorted waste used for home or communal composting; Scenario 3, sorted waste used for anaerobic digestion; and Scenario 4, sorted waste taken to a composting centre. The results of this study suggest that Scenario 1 would emit the highest levels of GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions, 692 × 10 3 tonnes CO2eq per year. Scenario 3 would have the lowest levels of GHG emissions, 195 × 10 3 tonnes CO2eq per year. Compared with the baseline scenario, it yields a 72% reduction of GHG emissions with a total savings of 498 × 10 3 tonnes CO2eq per year. The second-best option is Scenario 2, followed closely by Scenario 4, both yield 66.6% reductions with deviation by 0.03%. The deviation is due to transportation, which emission is negligibly small. The amounts of GHG savings for Scenario 2 and 4 are 461.3 × 10 3 tonnes CO2eq per year and 461 × 10 3 tonnes CO2eq per year, respectively. It is evident from these results that anaerobic digestion has the highest potential for reducing GHG emissions.