1994 IEEE INTERNATIONAL FREQUENCY CONTROL SYMPOSIUM HIGH-FREQUENCY OSCILLATORS USING PHASE-LOCKED ARRAYS OF JOSEPHSON JUNCTIONS *

We present a basic description of Josephson junctions and discuss their use as GHz and THz oscillators. The resistively shunted junction model is used to calculate the available power, linewidth and operating frequency of the oscillators. We discuss how phase-locked arrays of junctions are used to achieve higher power and narrower linewidth. Two experimental examples of phase-locked emission are shown: one from on-chip detection circuits at 150 GHz and one detected off-chip showing a 13 kHz linewidth at 88.8 GHz. I. INTRODUCTION We are interested in developing the technology to synthesize and measure sub-THz and THz frequencies with the same ease and precision now available in the microwave region. This is important for bridging the frequency band between the microwave and optical regions. This effort is intended to support and encourage emerging instrumentation in high-speed optical signal processing and precision optical metrology including standards for

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