Handling social risks in government-driven mega project: An empirical case study from West China

Abstract The sustainability of project implementation requires the use of effective instruments to cope with the undesirable social risks. Facing group confrontation and conflict around mega project in the past decade, Social Stability Risk Assessment is currently conceived as a managing way to handle social risks by the Chinese government. In this paper, a case study of Jixian Industrial Park project from western China is conducted to explore how to identify specific social risks under the dominance of local government. Response package is further released to prevent, reduce and control the destructive consequences of risks that may occur before or during the project construction. Enlightenments are obtained in the end to provide valuable implications. As a reference example, the research of this paper ushered in a practical framework of social risk management which may be effectively applied in other fields of program implementation.

[1]  Qu Jingdong,et al.  The Project System: A New Form of State Governance , 2012 .

[2]  Yao-Chen Kuo,et al.  Using fuzzy multiple criteria decision making approach to enhance risk assessment for metropolitan construction projects , 2013 .

[3]  T. Aven,et al.  On risk defined as an event where the outcome is uncertain , 2009 .

[4]  Walter J.V. Vermeulen,et al.  The relative importance of social and institutional conditions in the planning of wind power projects , 2009 .

[5]  John W. Creswell,et al.  Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches , 2010 .

[6]  Frank Vanclay,et al.  SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STATE OF THE ART SERIES , 1996 .

[7]  Jens O. Zinn,et al.  Introduction: The Contribution of Sociology to the Discourse on Risk and Uncertainty , 2009 .

[8]  S. M. Macgill,et al.  The nature of risk , 2004 .

[9]  C. Barrow,et al.  How is environmental conflict addressed by SIA , 2010 .

[10]  Gonzalo Lizarralde,et al.  Sustainable Development in the Building Sector: A Canadian Case Study on the Alignment of Strategic and Tactical Management , 2012 .

[11]  Murat Gunduz,et al.  Safety risk assessment using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) during planning and budgeting of construction projects. , 2013, Journal of safety research.

[12]  Patrick X.W. Zou,et al.  Understanding the key risks in construction projects in China , 2007 .

[13]  Ortwin Renn and Piet Sellke Risk, Society and Policy Making: Risk Governance in a Complex World , 2011 .

[14]  P Slovic,et al.  Perceived Risk, Trust, and the Politics of Nuclear Waste , 1991, Science.

[15]  R. Müller,et al.  A Relational Typology of Project Management Offices , 2013 .

[16]  Frank Vanclay,et al.  Social impact assessment: the state of the art , 2012 .

[17]  Chen Xiao-bo Risk Evaluation on the Operation Period of Offshore Wind Power Projects Based on Support Vector Machine , 2013 .

[18]  David Grierson Health problems associated with the built environment in areas of rapid urbanization and poverty , 2007 .

[19]  Kirsi Aaltonen,et al.  Project stakeholder analysis as an environmental interpretation process , 2011 .

[20]  Huiru Zhao,et al.  Risk Evaluation on UHV Power Transmission Construction Project Based on AHP and FCE Method , 2014 .

[21]  R. Holzmann,et al.  The Role of Social Risk Management in Development: A World Bank View , 2007 .

[22]  Yong Shun Cai,et al.  Social Conflicts and Modes of Action in China , 2008, The China Journal.

[23]  M. Qiang,et al.  Risk management of hydropower development in China , 2013 .

[24]  Terry Lyons,et al.  Project risk management in the Queensland engineering construction industry : a survey , 2004 .

[25]  Eefje Cuppen,et al.  The role of dialogue in fostering acceptance of transmission lines: the case of a France–Spain interconnection project , 2013 .

[26]  S. Huntington Political Order in Changing Societies , 1969 .

[27]  Zhiyue Bo,et al.  Chinese Provincial Leaders , 2002 .

[28]  A. George,et al.  Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences , 2005 .

[29]  Albert P.C. Chan,et al.  Risk management practice in China's Public-Private Partnership projects , 2012 .

[30]  Jean Hartley,et al.  Case study research , 2004 .

[31]  Liu Ze-zhao,et al.  National risk management structural framework in perspective of China Social Stability Risk Assessment , 2013, Proceedings of 2013 IEEE International Conference on Grey systems and Intelligent Services (GSIS).

[32]  Christophe Bredillet,et al.  Learning and acting in project situations through a meta-method (MAP) : a case study : contextual and situational approach for project management governance in management education , 2007 .

[33]  Frank Vanclay,et al.  A framework for combining social impact assessment and risk assessment , 2013 .

[34]  Roger Miller,et al.  Understanding and Managing Risks in Large Engineering Projects , 2001 .

[35]  Hans Wortmann,et al.  Risk Management Affecting IS/IT Project Success through Communicative Action , 2011 .

[36]  W. Duncan A GUIDE TO THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT BODY OF KNOWLEDGE , 1996 .

[37]  K. Eisenhardt Building theories from case study research , 1989, STUDI ORGANIZZATIVI.

[38]  Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas,et al.  Risk assessment of construction projects , 2010 .

[39]  A. Tsui From Homogenization to Pluralism: International Management Research in the Academy and Beyond , 2007 .

[40]  C. M. Tam,et al.  Identifying risk factors of BOT for water supply projects , 2008 .

[41]  Joseph Sarkis,et al.  Emergy analysis of an industrial park: the case of Dalian, China. , 2010, The Science of the total environment.

[42]  Ludovic-Alexandre Vidal,et al.  Using a Delphi process and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to evaluate the complexity of projects , 2011, Expert Syst. Appl..

[43]  J. Gerring What Is a Case Study and What Is It Good for? , 2004, American Political Science Review.

[44]  Shi Xue-fei A risk assessment and decision making approach based on public will for bridges , 2009 .

[45]  Gang Guo,et al.  China's Local Political Budget Cycles , 2009 .

[46]  Jason Seawright,et al.  Case Selection Techniques in Case Study Research , 2008 .

[47]  A. Akintoye,et al.  The allocation of risk in PPP/PFI construction projects in the UK , 2005 .

[48]  Jeff Frooman Stakeholder Influence Strategies , 1999 .

[49]  Tarek Zayed,et al.  Assessing risk and uncertainty inherent in Chinese highway projects using AHP , 2008 .

[50]  Junfu Zhang,et al.  Interjurisdictional competition for FDI: The case of China's "development zone fever" , 2011 .

[51]  Albert P.C. Chan,et al.  Identification and allocation of risks associated with PPP water projects in China , 2011 .

[52]  G. Shen,et al.  Stakeholder management studies in mega construction projects: A review and future directions , 2015 .

[53]  Kevin W Knight,et al.  Developing a Risk Management Standard -- the Australian experience , 2002 .

[54]  Chen Xiao-zheng,et al.  Study of social risk assessment on major projects based on risk perception , 2013, 2013 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering 20th Annual Conference Proceedings.

[55]  Ortwin Renn Three decades of risk research: accomplishments and new challenges , 1998 .

[56]  Rebecca J. Yang,et al.  Stakeholder-associated risks and their interactions in complex green building projects: a social network model , 2014 .

[57]  Ortwin Renn Risk Governance: Coping with Uncertainty in a Complex World , 2008 .

[58]  F. Block,et al.  Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies , 2001 .

[59]  John Raftery,et al.  Risk Analysis in Project Management , 1993 .

[60]  Bo-sin Tang,et al.  Social impact assessment and public participation in China: A case study of land requisition in Guangzhou , 2008 .

[61]  E. Hui,et al.  The logic behind conflicts in land acquisitions in contemporary China: A framework based upon game theory , 2013 .

[62]  Jeanne X. Kasperson,et al.  Stigma and the Social Amplification of Risk: Toward a Framework of Analysis , 2013 .