Critical Considerations in the Biomedical Use of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles.

Since the first report of mesoporous silica nanoparticles in 2001, many efforts have been made to develop them for biomedical applications. With the emergence of new designs and increasingly complex synthetic schemes, mesoporous silica nanoparticles have never been more promising. For this promise to be fulfilled, however, practical considerations for biomedical use must be carefully addressed. Many current mesoporous silica reports, even those reporting in vivo work, neglect the observation of nanoparticle size, pore structure, aggregation state, and biodegradability under biological conditions before administration. These critical considerations, beginning at synthetic stages, must be taken into account to make effective and safe mesoporous silica nanoparticles for biomedical use and timely application in clinical trials. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of mesoporous silica nanoparticle synthetic strategies, pointing out nanoparticle behavior under biological conditions and how it may affect in vitro and in vivo results.

[1]  Katie R. Hurley,et al.  Ultrastable, redispersible, small, and highly organomodified mesoporous silica nanotherapeutics. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[2]  S. Jeong,et al.  pH-Tunable calcium phosphate covered mesoporous silica nanocontainers for intracellular controlled release of guest drugs. , 2011, Angewandte Chemie.

[3]  Chung-Yuan Mou,et al.  Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as nanocarriers. , 2011, Chemical communications.

[4]  Courtney R. Thomas,et al.  Synthesis of biomolecule-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles for targeted hydrophobic drug delivery to cancer cells. , 2011, Small.

[5]  Cecilia Sahlgren,et al.  Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles for combined therapeutic, diagnostic and targeted action in cancer treatment. , 2011, Current drug targets.

[6]  Dong Chen,et al.  The shape effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles on biodistribution, clearance, and biocompatibility in vivo. , 2011, ACS nano.

[7]  Aifei Wang,et al.  pH-Triggered controlled drug release from mesoporous silica nanoparticles via intracelluar dissolution of ZnO nanolids. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[8]  S. Arai,et al.  Aqueous colloidal mesoporous nanoparticles with ethenylene-bridged silsesquioxane frameworks. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[9]  Tian Xia,et al.  Use of size and a copolymer design feature to improve the biodistribution and the enhanced permeability and retention effect of doxorubicin-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles in a murine xenograft tumor model. , 2011, ACS nano.

[10]  T. Bein,et al.  "Liquid-phase calcination" of colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles in high-boiling solvents. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[11]  Jianlin Shi,et al.  Mesoporous silica nanoparticle based nano drug delivery systems: synthesis, controlled drug release and delivery, pharmacokinetics and biocompatibility , 2011 .

[12]  S. Gruner,et al.  Highly aminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles with cubic pore structure. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[13]  Yaping Li,et al.  In vivo biodistribution and urinary excretion of mesoporous silica nanoparticles: effects of particle size and PEGylation. , 2011, Small.

[14]  P. Liu,et al.  Mesoporous silica nanoparticles end-capped with collagen: redox-responsive nanoreservoirs for targeted drug delivery. , 2011, Angewandte Chemie.

[15]  Chun-hua Lu,et al.  Bioresponsive controlled release using mesoporous silica nanoparticles capped with aptamer-based molecular gate. , 2011, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[16]  C. Haynes,et al.  Stability of small mesoporous silica nanoparticles in biological media. , 2011, Chemical communications.

[17]  C. Mou,et al.  Intracellular pH-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the controlled release of anticancer chemotherapeutics. , 2010, Angewandte Chemie.

[18]  Elena Aznar,et al.  Enzyme-responsive intracellular controlled release using nanometric silica mesoporous supports capped with "saccharides". , 2010, ACS nano.

[19]  Chulhee Kim,et al.  Glutathione‐Induced Intracellular Release of Guests from Mesoporous Silica Nanocontainers with Cyclodextrin Gatekeepers , 2010, Advanced materials.

[20]  Fabian Kiessling,et al.  Nanotheranostics and image-guided drug delivery: current concepts and future directions. , 2010, Molecular pharmaceutics.

[21]  Cecilia Sahlgren,et al.  Towards multifunctional, targeted drug delivery systems using mesoporous silica nanoparticles--opportunities & challenges. , 2010, Nanoscale.

[22]  T. Bein,et al.  Impact of different PEGylation patterns on the long-term bio-stability of colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles , 2010 .

[23]  Juan L. Vivero-Escoto,et al.  Mesoporous silica nanoparticles for intracellular controlled drug delivery. , 2010, Small.

[24]  Jin Xie,et al.  Nanoparticle-based theranostic agents. , 2010, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[25]  Zongxi Li,et al.  Biocompatibility, biodistribution, and drug-delivery efficiency of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for cancer therapy in animals. , 2010, Small.

[26]  J. Ho,et al.  Biofunctionalized phospholipid-capped mesoporous silica nanoshuttles for targeted drug delivery: improved water suspensibility and decreased nonspecific protein binding. , 2010, ACS nano.

[27]  T. Bein,et al.  Bio-degradation study of colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles: Effect of surface functionalization with organo-silanes and poly(ethylene glycol) , 2010 .

[28]  Min Zhu,et al.  The three-stage in vitro degradation behavior of mesoporous silica in simulated body fluid , 2010 .

[29]  Christy L Haynes,et al.  Impacts of mesoporous silica nanoparticle size, pore ordering, and pore integrity on hemolytic activity. , 2010, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[30]  Jeffrey I. Zink,et al.  Multifunctional inorganic nanoparticles for imaging, targeting, and drug delivery , 2010, BiOS.

[31]  Jianlin Shi,et al.  The effect of PEGylation of mesoporous silica nanoparticles on nonspecific binding of serum proteins and cellular responses. , 2010, Biomaterials.

[32]  Y. Yamauchi,et al.  Dialysis process for the removal of surfactants to form colloidal mesoporous silica nanoparticles. , 2009, Chemical communications.

[33]  C. Haynes,et al.  Synthesis and Characterization of Biocompatible and Size-Tunable Multifunctional Porous Silica Nanoparticles , 2009 .

[34]  Y. Hung,et al.  Monoclonal antibody-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) for selective targeting breast cancer cells , 2009 .

[35]  何前军 Intracellular Localization and Cytotoxicity of Spherical Mesoporous Silica Nano- and Microparticles , 2009 .

[36]  Chung-Yuan Mou,et al.  Size effect on cell uptake in well-suspended, uniform mesoporous silica nanoparticles. , 2009, Small.

[37]  T. Bein,et al.  Biotin-avidin as a protease-responsive cap system for controlled guest release from colloidal mesoporous silica. , 2009, Angewandte Chemie.

[38]  Marcel Garcia,et al.  Mannose-targeted mesoporous silica nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy. , 2009, Chemical communications.

[39]  Rasmus Niemi,et al.  Targeting of porous hybrid silica nanoparticles to cancer cells. , 2009, ACS nano.

[40]  Chin-Tu Chen,et al.  Near‐Infrared Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Optical Imaging: Characterization and In Vivo Biodistribution , 2009 .

[41]  Jianlin Shi,et al.  Size-controlled synthesis of monodispersed mesoporous silica nano-spheres under a neutral condition , 2009 .

[42]  Taeghwan Hyeon,et al.  Multifunctional uniform nanoparticles composed of a magnetite nanocrystal core and a mesoporous silica shell for magnetic resonance and fluorescence imaging and for drug delivery. , 2008, Angewandte Chemie.

[43]  Tao Wu,et al.  Tunable redox-responsive hybrid nanogated ensembles. , 2008, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[44]  Mark E. Davis,et al.  Nanoparticle therapeutics: an emerging treatment modality for cancer , 2008, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery.

[45]  Juan L. Vivero-Escoto,et al.  Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as controlled release drug delivery and gene transfection carriers. , 2008, Advanced drug delivery reviews.

[46]  Nuria Sanvicens,et al.  Multifunctional nanoparticles--properties and prospects for their use in human medicine. , 2008, Trends in biotechnology.

[47]  Chen Chang,et al.  High-contrast paramagnetic fluorescent mesoporous silica nanorods as a multifunctional cell-imaging probe. , 2008, Small.

[48]  Chung-Yuan Mou,et al.  Multifunctional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Intracellular Labeling and Animal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies , 2008, Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology.

[49]  A. Palmqvist,et al.  Particle Size Control of Colloidal Suspensions of Mesostructured Silica , 2008 .

[50]  Monty Liong,et al.  Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a delivery system for hydrophobic anticancer drugs. , 2007, Small.

[51]  T. Bein,et al.  Colloidal Suspensions of Nanometer‐Sized Mesoporous Silica , 2007 .

[52]  Chen Chang,et al.  Multifunctional composite nanoparticles: Magnetic, luminescent, and mesoporous , 2006 .

[53]  Jung Ho Yu,et al.  Magnetic fluorescent delivery vehicle using uniform mesoporous silica spheres embedded with monodisperse magnetic and semiconductor nanocrystals. , 2006, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[54]  Victor S-Y Lin,et al.  Stimuli-responsive controlled-release delivery system based on mesoporous silica nanorods capped with magnetic nanoparticles. , 2005, Angewandte Chemie.

[55]  Chung-Yuan Mou,et al.  Well-Ordered Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Cell Markers , 2005 .

[56]  K. Yano,et al.  Synthesis of mono-dispersed mesoporous silica spheres with highly ordered hexagonal regularity using conventional alkyltrimethylammonium halide as a surfactant , 2004 .

[57]  H. Imai,et al.  Synthesis of silica nanoparticles having a well-ordered mesostructure using a double surfactant system. , 2004, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[58]  J. Ying,et al.  Generalized fluorocarbon-surfactant-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles with various mesoporous structures. , 2004, Angewandte Chemie.

[59]  Chih-Pin Tsai,et al.  Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles from a Low-concentration CnTMAX–Sodium Silicate Components , 2003 .

[60]  Victor S-Y Lin,et al.  A mesoporous silica nanosphere-based carrier system with chemically removable CdS nanoparticle caps for stimuli-responsive controlled release of neurotransmitters and drug molecules. , 2003, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[61]  A. Ostafin,et al.  Synthesis of nanoscale mesoporous silica spheres with controlled particle size , 2002 .

[62]  S. Mann,et al.  Nanoscale Materials with Mesostructured Interiors , 2001 .

[63]  M. Vallet‐Regí,et al.  A New Property of MCM-41: Drug Delivery System , 2001 .

[64]  Qiang Cai,et al.  Dilute solution routes to various controllable morphologies of MCM-41 silica with a basic medium , 2001 .

[65]  J. S. Beck,et al.  Ordered mesoporous molecular sieves synthesized by a liquid-crystal template mechanism , 1992, Nature.