Phthalocyanines and porphyrins as materials

Several recent studies of phthalocyanines and porphyrins as materials in emerging technologies are reviewed here. Emphasis is placed on the use of these materials as components in building materials where the symmetry, optical and electrical properties of the molecule are important. Aggregates or polymers of these molecules have been known for some time to possess interesting electrical conductivities, and more recently interesting optical properties. Their optical properties as isolated species in condensed phases have also recently become interesting, and their ability to form new hybrid materials, by mixing or by thin film deposition, with other molecules with different electron affinities and ionization potentials, now appears to be extremely attractive. Device technologies in which we can anticipate these molecules appearing in the near future include organic light-emitting diodes, organic field effect transisitors, organic photovoltaics, optical limiters and optically based chemical sensors.

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