Low-dose carbon-implanted planar waveguides in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped silicate glasses

We report, for the first time to our knowledge, on the fabrication of planar waveguides in Er3+/Vb(3+) co-doped silicate glasses by 6.0 MeV carbon implantation with a dose of 6.0 x 10(14) ions/cm(2). The guiding properties are measured by the prism-coupling and end-face coupling methods with a He-Ne beam. The refractive index profile of the planar waveguide is reconstructed by the reflectivity calculation method, which shows a typical "enhanced well + optical barrier" distribution. The micro-luminescence and Raman investigations reveal that the bulk features are not deteriorated significantly by the carbon implantation in the waveguide, exhibiting possible applications for integrated active photonic devices. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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