Energy-Efficient Base Station Deployment in Heterogeneous Communication Network

With the advent of the 5G era, mobile users have higher requirements for network performance, and the expansion of network coverage has become an inevitable trend. Deploying micro base stations (BSs) is regarded as one of feasible approaches to enhance network coverage. However, unreasonable deployment will cause mutual interference between base stations and further increase energy consumption. In this paper we formalize the deployment of micro BSs in the coverage area of macro BSs as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, and then propose, based on Kuhn-Munkres matching algorithm, an energy-efficient strategy to reduce network-wide energy consumption in polynomial time complexity. The simulation results show that the energy optimization ratio of the proposed strategy is higher than two benchmark strategies and the proposed deployment strategy can reduce energy consumption to 40%.