A surface-based integral-equation formulation for coupled electromagnetic and circuit simulation

A surface-based integral-equation formulation for coupled electromagnetic and circuit simulation is presented. The approach is sufficiently general to model arbitrarily shaped structures and high-frequency skin effects. The formulation is implemented in both an equivalent circuit form for spice compatibility, and in a more general form as a coupled-matrix system outside spice. The overall approach can be interpreted as either a modified surface-only partial element equivalent circuit approach, or as a circuit-coupled version of the surface-based method of moments. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 34: 103–106, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.10386