Vitamin D status and longitudinal lung function decline in the Lung Health Study

Low blood vitamin D levels have been postulated to be a risk factor for worse lung function, based largely on cross-sectional data. We sought to use longitudinal data to test the hypothesis that baseline plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is lower in subjects with more rapid lung function decline, compared to those with slow lung function decline. We conducted a nested, matched case–control study in the Lung Health Study 3 cohort. Cases and controls were continuous smokers with rapid and slow lung function decline, respectively, over ∼6 yrs of follow-up. We compared baseline 25(OH)D levels between cases and controls, matching date of phlebotomy and clinical centre. Among 196 subjects, despite rapid and slow decliners experiencing strikingly and significantly different rates of decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (-152 versus -0.3 mL·yr−1; p<0.001), there was no significant difference in baseline 25(OH)D levels (25.0 versus 25.9 ng·mL−1; p = 0.54). There was a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (35%) and deficiency (31%); only 4% had a normal 25(OH)D level in the winter. Although vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency are common among continuous smokers with established mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, baseline 25(OH)D levels are not predictive of subsequent lung function decline.

[1]  M. Mendez,et al.  Dietary habits of firstly admitted Spanish COPD patients. , 2009, Respiratory medicine.

[2]  M. Decramer,et al.  Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in COPD and correlates with variants in the vitamin D-binding gene , 2009, Thorax.

[3]  M. Chonchol,et al.  25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is independently associated with cardiovascular disease in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. , 2009, Atherosclerosis.

[4]  M. Decramer,et al.  Vitamin D beyond bones in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: time to act. , 2009, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[5]  Carlos A Camargo,et al.  Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988-2004. , 2009, Archives of internal medicine.

[6]  V. Borba,et al.  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with osteoporosis and low levels of vitamin D , 2009, Osteoporosis International.

[7]  C. Camargo,et al.  Vitamin D, respiratory infections, and asthma , 2009, Current allergy and asthma reports.

[8]  J. O’Keefe,et al.  Vitamin D deficiency an important, common, and easily treatable cardiovascular risk factor? , 2008, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[9]  S. O'Donnell,et al.  Summary of evidence-based review on vitamin D efficacy and safety in relation to bone health. , 2008, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[10]  J. Aloia,et al.  Re: epidemic influenza and vitamin D. , 2007, Epidemiology and infection.

[11]  A. Auvinen,et al.  An association of serum vitamin D concentrations < 40 nmol/L with acute respiratory tract infection in young Finnish men. , 2007, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[12]  S. Yeh,et al.  1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits prostate cancer cell invasion via modulation of selective proteases , 2005 .

[13]  R. Scragg,et al.  Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and pulmonary function in the third national health and nutrition examination survey. , 2005, Chest.

[14]  J. Iwamoto,et al.  Low-Dose Vitamin D Prevents Muscular Atrophy and Reduces Falls and Hip Fractures in Women after Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial , 2005, Cerebrovascular Diseases.

[15]  N. Anthonisen,et al.  The effects of a smoking cessation intervention on 14.5-year mortality: a randomized clinical trial , 2005 .

[16]  F. Hu,et al.  Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with better lower-extremity function in both active and inactive persons aged > or =60 y. , 2004, The American journal of clinical nutrition.

[17]  M. Vatn,et al.  Vitamin D deficiency, bone mineral density and weight in patients with advanced pulmonary disease , 2004, Journal of internal medicine.

[18]  G. Hitman,et al.  Circulating MMP9, vitamin D and variation in the TIMP-1 response with VDR genotype: mechanisms for inflammatory damage in chronic disorders? , 2002, QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians.

[19]  John E Connett,et al.  Smoking and lung function of Lung Health Study participants after 11 years. , 2002, American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine.

[20]  J. Keski‐Oja,et al.  1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and its analogues down-regulate cell invasion-associated proteases in cultured malignant cells. , 2000, Cell growth & differentiation : the molecular biology journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.

[21]  Y. Ouchi,et al.  Osteoporosis in lung transplantation candidates with end-stage pulmonary disease. , 1997, The American journal of medicine.

[22]  W. Bailey,et al.  Effects of Smoking Intervention and the Use of an Inhaled Anticholinergic Bronchodilator on the Rate of Decline of FEV1 , 1994 .

[23]  A. Buist,et al.  The Lung Health Study. Baseline characteristics of randomized participants. , 1993, Chest.

[24]  W. Bailey,et al.  Design of the Lung Health Study: a randomized clinical trial of early intervention for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. , 1993, Controlled clinical trials.

[25]  A. Buist,et al.  Spirometry in the Lung Health Study. 1. Methods and quality control. , 1991, The American review of respiratory disease.

[26]  A. Buist,et al.  Spirometry in the Lung Health Study , 1991 .

[27]  J. Riancho,et al.  Vertebral compression fractures and mineral metabolism in chronic obstructive lung disease. , 1987, Thorax.

[28]  R M Gardner,et al.  Reference spirometric values using techniques and equipment that meet ATS recommendations. , 2015, The American review of respiratory disease.

[29]  T. Oppé,et al.  Vitamin D deficiency. , 1979, British medical journal.