A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF PATTERNS OF USAGE OF ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY IN URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS.

Background: Urinary tract infections are the second most common infectious diseases for empirical antimicrobial therapy. Due to inappropriate selection of the antibiotic there is an increasing antibiotic resistance among the typical UTI pathogens. Material and methods: This was a retrospective study done on patients diagnosed with acute UTI by accessing the data as per a proforma from the medical records department, Kasturba Hospital. Patients of age >18 yr of both sexes were included in the study. Results: Around 102 patients records were accessed. There were equal number of males and females (51 each). Majority (44.12 %) of the cases were seen in 41-60 y age group, followed by (40%) in more than 60 y and 17 % between 21- 40y. Primary infection was seen in 73.5 % of the cases and the rest were recurrent. The most common micro-organisms causing were E.coli, proteus, enterococcus, klebsiella and pseudomonas. Third generation Cephalosporins were commonly used, followed by levofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, piperacillin- tazobactum and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid as empirical therapy. Based on the culture sensitivity analysis E.coli was found to be more sensitive to cefaperazone and amikacin antibiotics and resistant to norfloxacin, ampicillin etc. The immunocompromised conditions associated were diabetes, AIDS, tuberculosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Most common risk factors associated were benign prostatic hyperplasia, urethral stricture, calculi, pelvic inflammatory disease and renal failure. Conclusion: Due to the rise in resistant micro-organisms, there is an increasing need for judicious use of antibiotics in UTI. This data may help us in establishing an antibiotic usage guideline for the treatment of UTI.