On the Equivalence of Tensor-MUSIC and Matrix-MUSIC

Most previous work on direction finding with an electromagnetic vector-sensor array characterizes the collection with vector and/or matrix manipulation although it is inherently of multidimensional structure. The vector-MUSIC method, which is referred to as Tensor-MUSIC in this contribution, represents the first direction finding algorithm that is based on tensor formulation and is claimed to offer quite improved direction of arrival estimation than the conventional MUSIC does. In this paper, we thoroughly examine the tensor-MUSIC with theoretical analysis and numerical examples. It is found that the tensor-MUSIC is actually equivalent to matrix-MUSIC which is based on matrix operations only.