Energy-efficient self-organization for wireless sensor networks: a fully distributed approach

In this paper, we utilize clustering to organize wireless sensors into an energy-efficient hierarchy. We take a fully distributed approach to energy-efficient clustering and propose an expellant self-organization (ESO) scheme that uses expellant election to achieve local energy efficiency. As a distributed scheme using only local information, ESO achieves comparable performance in terms of effective lifetime and data/energy ratio compared with native LEACH that relies on another routing algorithm to access global information. An exponential data correlation model is also introduced to simulate the variation extent of the data aggregation effect.