Analysis of yield attributes and crop physiological traits of Liangyoupeijiu, a hybrid rice recently bred in China

Abstract Crop physiological traits of Liangyoupeijiu, a “super” hybrid rice variety recently bred in China, were compared with those of Takanari and Nipponbare in 2003 and 2004 in Kyoto, Japan. Liangyoupeijiu showed a significantly higher grain yield than Nipponbare in both years, and achieved a grain yield of 11.8 t ha −1 in 2004, which is the highest yield observed under environmental conditions in Kyoto. Liangyoupeijiu had longer growth duration and larger leaf area duration (LAD) before heading, causing larger biomass accumulation before heading than the other two varieties. Liangyoupeijiu had a large number of grains and translocated a large amount of carbohydrates from the vegetative organ to the panicle during the grain filling period. The three yield components measured were panicle weight at heading ( P 0 ), the amount of carbohydrates translocated from the leaf and stem to the panicle during the grain filling period (Δ T ), and the newly assimilated carbohydrates during grain filling (Δ W ). It was found that the sum of P 0 and Δ T were strongly correlated with grain yield when all the data ( n  = 8) were combined ( r  = 0.876**). However, there was no significant difference in the radiation use efficiency (RUE) of the whole growth period between Liangyoupeijiu and Nipponbare for both years. Even though the growth duration was shorter, Takanari, an indica/japonica cross-bred variety, showed a similar yield to Liangyoupeijiu in both years. The mean RUE of the whole growth period was significantly higher in Takanari, 1.60 and 1.64 g MJ −1 in 2003 and 2004, respectively, than in Liangyoupeijiu, which had a RUE of 1.46 and 1.52 g MJ −1 in 2003 and 2004, respectively. The high grain yield of Takanari was mainly due to its high RUE compared with Liangyoupeijiu and its large P 0 and Δ T . Our result showed that the high grain yield of Liangyoupeijiu was due to its large biomass accumulation before heading, which resulted from its large LAD rather than its RUE.

[1]  Hong Yang,et al.  COMPARISON OF HIGH-YIELD RICE IN TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS. I.DETERMINANTS OF GRAIN AND DRY MATTER YIELDS , 1998 .

[2]  Y. Kawamitsu,et al.  Studies on dry matter and grain production of Chinese F1 hybrid rice cultivars. I. Characteristics of dry matter production. , 1990 .

[3]  J. Monteith.  Climate and the efficiency of crop production in Britain , 1977 .

[4]  Iskandar Lubis,et al.  Physiological traits associated with high yield potential in rice. , 2003 .

[5]  Zou Jiang-shi.  Breeding of Two-line Hybrid Rice Variety "Liangyoupeijiu" and Preliminary Studies on Its Cultivation Characters , 2003 .

[6]  E. Tsuzuki,et al.  Physio-Morphological Characters of F1 Hybrids of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Japonica-Indica Crosses , 2001 .

[7]  Y. Kawamitsu,et al.  Studies on Dry Matter and Grain Production of F1 Hybrid Rice in China : I. Characteristics of grain production , 1990 .

[8]  B. Hardy,et al.  Breeding of super hybrid rice. , 2001 .

[9]  Shaobing Peng,et al.  Are there associations between grain-filling rate and photosynthesis in the flag leaves of field-grown rice? , 2002, Journal of experimental botany.

[10]  W. Qiang,et al.  Photosynthetic characteristics of two superhigh-yield hybrid rice , 2000 .

[11]  Yulong Wang,et al.  Case Studies on High Yields of Paddy Rice in Jiangsu Province, China : I. Characteristics of grain production , 1993 .

[12]  T. Hirasawa,et al.  Physiological and Ecological Characteristics of High Yielding Varieties in Rice Plants : I. Yield and Dry Matter Production , 1988 .

[13]  H. Yoshida,et al.  A model explaining genotypic and environmental variation of rice spikelet number per unit area measured by cross-locational experiments in Asia , 2006 .

[14]  S. Yoshida.  Physiological Aspects of Grain Yield , 1972 .

[15]  H. Nakagawa,et al.  A model explaining genotypic and ontogenetic variation of leaf photosynthetic rate in rice (Oryza sativa) based on leaf nitrogen content and stomatal conductance. , 2007, Annals of botany.

[16]  S. Matsushima,et al.  Analysis of Developmental Factors Determing Yield and Yield Prediction in Lowland Rice. , 1957 .

[17]  R. C. Muchow,et al.  Radiation Use Efficiency , 1999 .

[18]  Kuniyuki Saitoh,et al.  Characteristics of Dry Matter Production Process in High-Yield Rice Varieties : VI. Comparisons between new and old rice varieties , 1993 .

[19]  Romeo M. Visperas,et al.  Grain and dry matter yields and partitioning of assimilates in japonica/indica hybrid rice , 2002 .

[20]  Q. Wang,et al.  Photosynthetic light and CO2 utilization and C4 traits of two novel super-rice hybrids. , 2006, Journal of plant physiology.

[21]  R. Sinha.  WORLD FOOD SECURITY , 1976 .

[22]  Zanmin Hu,et al.  Genes differentially expressed under photoinhibition stress in flag leaves of super-hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu (Oryza sativa) and their genetic origins , 2005, Photosynthetica.

[23]  S. Murayama,et al.  Physio-Morphological Characters of F1 Hybrids of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Japonica-Indica Crosses: II. Heterosis for leaf area and dry matter accumulation , 2001 .

[24]  Y. Kawamitsu,et al.  Studies on dry matter and grain production of F1 hybrid rice in China : III. Grain-production character from the view point of time changes in non-structural carbohydrate and nitrogen contents during the yield production , 1990 .

[25]  Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa,et al.  Can Yields of Lowland Rice Resume the Increases that They Showed in the 1980s? , 2005 .

[26]  Metro Manila,et al.  Rice: Progress in Breaking the Yield Ceiling , 2004 .

[27]  Tatsuhiko Shiraiwa,et al.  Rice yield potential is closely related to crop growth rate during late reproductive period , 2006 .

[28]  S. Long,et al.  Can improvement in photosynthesis increase crop yields? , 2006, Plant, cell & environment.

[29]  M. Ohnishi,et al.  Physiological characteristics of high-yielding rice inferred from cross-location experiments , 1997 .

[30]  B. Hardy,et al.  Rice research for food security and poverty alleviation. , 2001 .

[31]  S. S. Virmani,et al.  Yield Potential Trends of Tropical Rice since the Release of IR8 and the Challenge of Increasing Rice Yield Potential , 1999 .

[32]  A. Nose,et al.  Studies on matter production of F1 hybrid in rice. I. Heterosis in the single leaf photosynthetic rate. , 1987 .

[33]  Takeshi Horie,et al.  Leaf Nitrogen, Photosynthesis, and Crop Radiation Use Efficiency: A Review , 1989 .

[34]  J. Araus,et al.  Plant breeding and drought in C3 cereals: what should we breed for? , 2002, Annals of botany.

[35]  H. Hasegawa,et al.  Heterosis for Root System Development in Japonica/Indica F1 Rice Hybrid , 1993 .

[36]  E. Tsuzuki,et al.  Physio-morphological Studies of F1 Hybrids in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Photosynthetic ability and yield. , 1998 .

[37]  A. McClung,et al.  Seasonal Dynamics of Nonstructural Carbohydrate Partitioning in 15 Diverse Rice Genotypes , 2001 .

[38]  T. Terao,et al.  Effects of Dry Matter Production, Translocation of Nonstructural Carbohydrates and Nitrogen Application on Grain Filling in Rice Cultivar Takanari, a Cultivar Bearing a Large Number of Spikelets , 2001 .